python3 __call__方法

刷面试题看到的,没看懂这个方法有什么实际用途,官方文档如下:

3.3.6. Emulating callable objects

object.__call__(self[, args...])
  Called when the instance is “called” as a function; if this method is defined, x(arg1, arg2, ...) is a shorthand for x.__call__(arg1, arg2, ...).

主要实现的是将类的对象当作函数直接调用

例如:

class Demo(object):
    def __init__(self, a, b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

    def my_print(self,):
        print("a = ", self.a, "b = ", self.b)

    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.a = args[0]
        self.b = args[1]
        print("call: a = ", self.a, "b = ", self.b)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    demo = Demo(10, 20)
    demo.my_print()

    demo(50, 60)
结果如下:
a =  10 b =  20
call: a =  50 b =  60

需要注意的是:只有当在类中定义了 def __call__() 方法后,才可以实现这个功能,否则会出现语法错误,就是文档中解释的 if this method is defined 的意思。