Python第三方库Requests学习

1.安装

1 git clone git://github.com/kennethreitz/requests.git
2 cd requests
3 python setup.py install

2.上点威力

（GET）

1 >>> import requests
2 >>> url = 'http://dict.baidu.com/s'
3 >>> payload = {'wd':'python'}
4 >>> r = requests.get(url,params=payload)　　//最基本带参数的get请求
5 <Response [200]>
6 >>> print(r.url)
7 http://dict.baidu.com/s?wd=python
8 >>> print(r.text)　　//解码后的数据

（POST）

1 >>> import requests
2 >>> import json
3 >>> r = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint', data=json.dumps({'some': 'data'}))
4 >>> print (r.json())
5 {u'documentation_url': u'https://developer.github.com/v3', u'message': u'Not Found'}

定制Header

 1 >>> import requests
 2 >>> import json
 3 >>> data = {'some':'data'}
 4 >>> headers = {'content-type':'application/json','User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0(x84_64;)Firefox/22.0'}
 5 >>> r = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint',data=data,headers=headers)
 6 >>> print(r.text)
 7 {
 8   "message": "Not Found",
 9   "documentation_url": "https://developer.github.com/v3"
10 }

超时设置

1 requests.get('http://github.com', timeout=0.001)
2 
3 ----------------------
4 一堆异常，重点看后面
5 ConnectTimeout: HTTPConnectionPool(host='github.com', port=80): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by ConnectTimeoutError(<requests.packages.urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x01EAE6F0>, 'Connection to github.com timed out. (connect timeout=0.001)'))

访问Cookie

1 import requests
2 r = requests.get('http://www.google.com.hk/')
3 print(r.cookies['NID'])
4 print(tuple(r.cookies))

也可以往服务器发送Cookie

1 import requests
2 url = 'http://myserver.org/cookies'
3 cookies = {'testCookies_1': 'Hello_Python3', 'testCookies_2': 'Hello_Requests'}
4 # 在Cookie Version 0中规定空格、方括号、圆括号、等于号、逗号、双引号、斜杠、问号、@，冒号，分号等特殊符号都不能作为Cookie的内容。
5 r = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies)
6 print(r.json())