Go并发控制之sync.WaitGroup

WaitGroup 会将main goroutine阻塞直到所有的goroutine运行结束,从而达到并发控制的目的。使用方法非常简单,真心佩服创造Golang的大师们!

WaitGroup //相当于一个箱子,将main goroutine 保护到里面

Add //调用一次为箱子加一把锁(当然,你愿意也可以多把)

Done // 调用一次开一把锁(only one!)

Wait //箱子的盖子,没锁了自动打开

官网说明:一个WaitGroup锁等待一个goroutines合集结束。main goroutine里面调用Add方法设置需要等待的goroutines 数量,然后运行每一个goroutine,并且当其结束时调用Done方法。同时,main goroutine 被锁住直到所有的goroutines完成。

使用方法(官网Example):

var wg sync.WaitGroup   
var urls = []string{
"http://www.golang.org/",
"http://www.google.com/",
"http://www.somestupidname.com/",
}
for _, url := range urls {
  // Increment the WaitGroup counter.
  wg.Add(1)
  // Launch a goroutine to fetch the URL.
  go func(url string) {
    // Decrement the counter when the goroutine completes.
    defer wg.Done()
    // Fetch the URL.
    http.Get(url)
  }(url)
}
// Wait for all HTTP fetches to complete.
wg.Wait()

任何放在wg.Wait() 后面的语句阻塞,直到所有的goroutine返回:

package main

import (
        "fmt"
        "net/http"
        "sync"
)

func main() {
        var wg sync.WaitGroup
        var urls = []string{
                "http://www.golang.org/",
                "http://www.google.com/",
                "http://www.somestupidname.com/",
        }
        for _, url := range urls {
                // Increment the WaitGroup counter.
                wg.Add(1)
                // Launch a goroutine to fetch the URL.
                go func(url string) {
                        // Decrement the counter when the goroutine completes.
                        defer wg.Done()
                        // Fetch the URL.
                        http.Get(url)
                        fmt.Println("我先干活, 主程序等着我")
                }(url)
        }
        // Wait for all HTTP fetches to complete.
        wg.Wait()
        fmt.Println("应该最后才出来")

}