基于Ubuntu20.04搭建pxe+kickstart

系统版本：

root@zjh-server-pxe:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Release:        20.04
Codename:       focal

1、dhcp

安装 isc-dhcp-server

apt-get install isc-dhcp-server　　

修改 /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server

INTERFACESv4="ens33"

修改 /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf，在最后一行添加配置如下：

subnet 192.168.57.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
       range 192.168.57.100 192.168.57.200;
       option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
       option routers 192.168.57.2;
       option domain-name-servers 192.168.57.2;
       option broadcast-address 192.168.57.255;
       filename "pxelinux.0";
       next-server 192.168.57.149;
}

启动dhcp服务并设置开机启动

systemctl start isc-dhcp-server
systemctl enable isc-dhcp-server

2、tftp

安装 tftpd-hpa

apt-get install tftp-hpa

修改 /etc/default/tftpd-hpa

TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
TFTP_DIRECTORY="/var/lib/tftpboot"
TFTP_ADDRESS="0.0.0.0:69"
TFTP_OPTIONS="-l -c -s"

创建 tftp目录并设置权限

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/ && chmod 777 /var/lib/tftpboot/

启动 tftp服务并设置开机启动

systemctl start tftpd-hpa.service
systemctl enable tftpd-hpa.service

3、http

安装 apache2

apt-get install apache2

启动 apache2服务并设置开机启动

systemctl start apache2.service
systemctl enable apache2.service

4、pxe

创建工作目录

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/Centos7.2
mkdir /var/www/html/Centos7.2

由于ubuntu20.04已经没有pxelinux.0这个启动文件，所以我们需要到官网下载

wget http://www.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-updates/main/installer-amd64/current/images/netboot/netboot.tar.gz /var/lib/tftpboot/

解压

root@zjh-server-pxe:/var/lib/tftpboot# tar -zxvf netboot.tar.gz 
root@zjh-server-pxe:/var/lib/tftpboot# ls 
ldlinux.c32 netboot.tar.gz pxelinux.0 pxelinux.cfg ubuntu-installer version.info Centos7.2

挂载光盘并拷贝镜像文件到工作目录

root@zjh-server-pxe:~# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/
root@zjh-server-pxe:~# cd /mnt/
root@zjh-server-pxe:/mnt# cp -r * /var/www/html/Centos7.2/

拷贝启动内核到工作目录

root@zjh-server-pxe:/mnt# cd /var/www/html/Centos7.2/isolinux/
root@zjh-server-pxe:/var/www/html/Centos7.2/isolinux# cp vmlinuz initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/Centos7.2/

修改 /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

default    Centos7.2 
prompt    0 
timeout    600 
display    boot.msg 

label Centos7.2
  kernel Centos7.2/vmlinuz
  append initrd=Centos7.2/initrd.img repo=http://192.168.57.149/Centos7.2 ks=http://192.168.57.149/Centos7.2/ks.cfg

5、kickstart

这里可以通过安装system-config-kickstart，通过图形化界面生成ks.cfg文件；

还有一种方法就是 已经安装完成的机器上都有/root/anaconda-ks.cfg这个文件，可以改名为ks.cfg直接使用。

root@zjh-server-pxe:/var/www/html/Centos7.2# more ks.cfg
#version=DEVEL
# System authorization information
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use network installation
url --url="http://192.168.57.149/Centos7.2"
# Use graphical install
graphical
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us','cn'
# System language
lang zh_CN.UTF-8

# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777736 --ipv6=auto --activate
network  --hostname=localhost.localdomain

# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $6$totlFMklPXP1obga$zC1nRV6L2YcB5ZF88Y6JjdE3OT6Vm6GBVkEmpXy22xKK9umMR5ofDJiCEoYCVuiVGDvPCGLYzX5TeXxidkhM3.
# System services
services --enabled="chronyd"
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
user --name=zjh --password=$6$gucjhf1N9pliUxRk$VkC.HHC6QvHjm6g6mDENczlwwwGbhpgUDnqk0pOg9KCWo.5QreEp254hXlhZeAxLmKyOOU0j9ebiG1tvE4.Qh1 --iscrypted --gecos="zjh"
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
autopart --type=lvm
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none --initlabel

%packages
@^infrastructure-server-environment
@base
@core
@development
@dns-server
@file-server
@ftp-server
@ha
@infiniband
@java-platform
@mail-server
@mariadb
@postgresql
@remote-system-management
@resilient-storage
chrony
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end