微信小程序封装bindinput & 输入框出现清空图标 & wx:key对input的影响

Q:我以前写小程序每次获取输入内容,都要写一个方法,觉得十分麻烦,所以写了一个通用的方法。

A:我能想到的原理就是,不同的input所带的data不同,bindinput事件setData不同的data。

<input class="weui-input" bindinput="bindKeyInput" data-inputName='telephone' placeholder="请输入电话号码"/>

 // 获取输入框的内容,封装起来,根据data-的值去渲染不同的data

bindKeyInput: function (e) {

  let inputName = e.currentTarget.dataset.inputname;

  this.setData({

    [inputName]: e.detail.value

  })

},

Q:最近项目有一个需求,就是点击输入框时右边显示清空图标。

A:我的思路是:好好利用bindfocus和bindblur,聚焦函数和非聚焦函数。聚焦时显示清空图标,非聚焦时隐藏清空图标。

  // 清空输入框的内容
  // 聚焦函数:如果字符串长度为0,则不显示清空图标,否则显示清空图标。
  bindKeyFocus: function (e) {
    let index = e.currentTarget.dataset.index;
    let fullInputName = `local.is_clear_icon[${index}]`;
    let inputLength = e.detail.value.length;
    inputLength == 0 ? this.setData({ [fullInputName]: true }) : this.setData({ [fullInputName]: false })
  },
  // 非聚焦函数:隐藏清空图标
  bindKeyBlur: function (e) {
    let index = e.currentTarget.dataset.index;
    let inputName = e.currentTarget.dataset.inputname;
    let fullInputName = `local.is_clear_icon[${index}]`;
    let fullInputName2 = `local.${inputName}[0]`;
    let value = e.detail.value;
    if (this.data.local.test) { 
      value = [""]; 
      this.setData({ "local.test": false });
      }
    this.setData({ [fullInputName]: true, [fullInputName2]: value });
  },
  // 点击图标清空
  clearInput: function (e) {
    let inputName = e.currentTarget.dataset.inputname;
    let fullInputName = `local.${inputName}`;
    console.log(e.currentTarget.dataset.inputname, fullInputName)
    let index = e.currentTarget.dataset.index;
    let clearIcon = `local.focus[${index}]`;

    this.setData({ [fullInputName]: [""], [clearIcon]: false, "local.test": true })
  },

//名字输入
<block wx:for="{{name}}" wx:key="idx" wx:for-index="idx"> <view class="weui-cell weui-cell_input"> <view class="weui-cell__hd wh-card-list-item"> <view class="weui-label wh-required" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}">姓名</view> </view> <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}"> <input class="weui-input" data-inputName='name' placeholder="你的姓名" bindinput="bindKeyInput" value='{{item}}' bindfocus="bindKeyFocus" data-index="0" bindblur="bindKeyBlur"/> <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" hidden='{{is_clear_icon[0]}}' data-inputName='name' data-index="0" catchtap='clearInput'/> </view> <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex wh-white-space" wx:else> <view class='wh-white-space' data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='name' catchtap='chooseItem'>{{item}}</view> <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='name' catchtap='deteleItem'/> </view> </view> </block>
//手机号输入 <block wx:for="{{telephone}}" wx:key="*this" wx:for-index="idx"> <view class="weui-cell weui-cell_input"> <view class="weui-cell__hd wh-card-list-item"> <view class="weui-label wh-required" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}">手机号</view> </view> <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}"> <input class="weui-input" type='number' placeholder="你的手机号" bindinput="bindKeyInput" data-inputName='telephone' value='{{item}}' bindfocus="bindKeyFocus" data-index="1" bindblur="bindKeyBlur" /> <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" hidden='{{is_clear_icon[1]}}' data-inputName='telephone' data-index="1" catchtap='clearInput'/> </view> <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex wh-white-space" wx:else> <view class='wh-white-space' data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='telephone' catchtap='chooseItem'>{{item}}</view> <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='telephone' catchtap='deteleItem'/> </view> </view> </block>

Q:使用wx:for=“{{name}}”去渲染input输入框,而input输入框又修改了name的内容,这样会出现一种情况:用户一输入之后,input便失去聚焦。

A:个人观点:bindinput动态改变name的值,会重新渲染整个html代码。wx:key值设置值不对,改为wx:key="index"即可。

  <block wx:for="{{name}}" wx:key="idx" wx:for-index="idx">
    <view class="weui-cell weui-cell_input">
        <view class="weui-cell__hd wh-card-list-item">
            <view class="weui-label wh-required" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}">姓名</view>
          </view>
          <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}">
              <input class="weui-input" data-inputName='name'  placeholder="你的姓名" bindinput="bindKeyInput" value='{{item}}' bindfocus="bindKeyFocus" data-index="0" bindblur="bindKeyBlur"/>
               <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" hidden='{{is_clear_icon[0]}}' data-inputName='name' data-index="0" catchtap='clearInput'/>
            </view>
            <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex wh-white-space" wx:else>
               <view class='wh-white-space' data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='name' catchtap='chooseItem'>{{item}}</view>
               <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='name' catchtap='deteleItem'/>
            </view>
      </view>
    </block>

下面这种就会失去聚焦:

  <block wx:for="{{telephone}}" wx:key="*this" wx:for-index="idx">
    <view class="weui-cell weui-cell_input">
        <view class="weui-cell__hd wh-card-list-item">
            <view class="weui-label wh-required" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}">手机号</view>
          </view>
          <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex" wx:if="{{idx == 0}}">
              <input class="weui-input" type='number' placeholder="你的手机号" bindinput="bindKeyInput" data-inputName='telephone' value='{{item}}' bindfocus="bindKeyFocus" data-index="1" bindblur="bindKeyBlur" />
               <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" hidden='{{is_clear_icon[1]}}' data-inputName='telephone' data-index="1" catchtap='clearInput'/>
            </view>
            <view class="weui-cell__bd clear-input-father weui-flex wh-white-space" wx:else>
               <view class='wh-white-space' data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='telephone' catchtap='chooseItem'>{{item}}</view>
               <icon class='clear-input' type="clear" size="20" data-index='{{idx}}' data-inputName='telephone' catchtap='deteleItem'/>
            </view>
      </view>
  </block>

这里主要是wx:key的应用:源于http://www.wxappclub.com/topic/536

wx:key 的值以两种形式提供

  1. 字符串,代表在 for 循环的 array 中 item 的某个 property,该 property 的值需要是列表中唯一的字符串或数字,且不能动态改变。
  2. 保留关键字 *this 代表在 for 循环中的 item 本身,这种表示需要 item 本身是一个唯一的字符串或者数字,如:当数据改变触发渲染层重新渲染的时候,会校正带有 key 的组件,框架会确保他们被重新排序,而不是重新创建,以确保使组件保持自身的状态,并且提高列表渲染时的效率。

1:有wx:key的情况(不重新创建,仅改变顺序)

添加元素或改变元素顺序导致数据改变时,

会校正带有Key的组件(可通过key识别各组件),

框架会根据“目前数据”,重新排序各组件,而不是重新创建,

使组件保持自身的状态,列表渲染效率高。

2:无wx:key的情况(重新创建)

添加元素或改变元素顺序导致数据改变时,

此时各组件没有key(无法识别各组件)

框架会被迫根据“目前数据”重新创建各组件,

使组件重置初始状态(原有状态自然被清空),列表渲染效率低。

B:两种情况的对比

wk:key组件识别渲染情况状态情况for效率
各组件可识别渲染时仅改变组件顺序保持组件之前原来状态效率高
组件无法识别渲染时重新创建各组件重置组件的初始状态效率低