centos7安装python 与卸载python

下载Python安装包

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cd /usr/local/src

编译时要提前装好gcc编译器和zlib zlib-devel

1、下载文件

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wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.0/Python-3.6.0.tgz

2、解压

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tar -zxvf Python-3.6.0.tgz

3、进入解压目录

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cd Python-3.6.0

4、编译安装包

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./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python

make && make install

5、添加环境变量

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echo PATH='/usr/local/python/bin/:$PATH'>> /etc/profile

<br>source /etc/profile

6、检查是否成功,执行下面代码

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python3.6

Python 3.6.0 (default, Jun 1 2017, 14:01:43)

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)]onlinux

Type"help","copyright","credits"or"license"formore information.

>>> print('hello word')

hello word

  

Python安装常见问题:

(1)configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH

解决:yum install -y gcc

(2):zipimport.ZipImportError: can’t decompress data

解决:安装zlib zlib-devel

1、修改系统默认的Python路径,因为在终端中输入Python命令时默认是指向Python2.6.6

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mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python-2.6.6

  

2、建立新的软连接,指向Python-3.6.0

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ln -s /usr/local/python/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python

  

3、因为yum是依赖python的,所以这里我们修改了默认的python,就要要修改yum,让其运行指向旧的版本:

vi /usr/bin/yum

将第一行中的“#!/usr/bin/python” 修改为“#!/usr/bin/python-2.6.6”,保存即可

4、打开一个新的终端,通过python命令进入python环境,可以看到已经指向了我们新安装的python3.6.0:

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[centos65_1@localhost:~]$ python

Python 3.6.0 (default, Jul 30 2016, 19:40:32)

[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.34)]ondarwin

Type"help","copyright","credits"or"license"formore information.

>>>

  

5、Centos中Python升级为3.X时yum出现except OSError, e: ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax问题

CentOS 7升级Python到3.6后,需要在/usr/bin/python创建了一个指向Python 3的软连接,然后将/usr/bin/yum的顶部的:

!/usr/bin/python

改成了

!/usr/bin/python-2.7.5

后,运行yum,还是出现了以下错误:

[root@master ~]# yum -y groupinstall “X Window System”

File "/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down", line 28

except OSError, e:

^

SyntaxError: invalid syntax

解决方案:

(1). vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down

将/usr/bin/python改为/usr/bin/python-2.7.5。

(2). vim /usr/bin/yum-config-manager

解决办法同上: #!/usr/bin/python换成 #!/usr/bin/python-2.7.5

卸载python

编译安装Python3

# 下载
# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tar.xz
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz
# 解压
tar -xzvf Python-3.6.4.tgz
cd Python-3.6.4
# 编译安装
# ./configure --help查看编译参数
# 默认安装在'/usr/local/bin','/usr/local/lib' etc
# 可以通过参数指定如:--prefix=/usr/local/python3
./configure
make 
# 把安装日志保存下来
make install > install.log

卸载Python3

通过安装日志可知Python3被安装在如下目录了

/usr/local/lib/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/2to3-3.6 to /usr/local/bin/pyvenv-3.6 /usr/local/bin/pydoc3.6 /usr/local/bin/idle3.6

# 删除上述文件
rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python3.6
rm -rf /usr/local/bin/2to3-3.6 to
rm -rf /usr/local/bin/pyvenv-3.6
rm -rf /usr/local/bin/pydoc3.6
rm -rf /usr/local/bin/idle3.6