[转]Ubuntu蓝牙识别及PyBluez实现蓝牙串口测试

系统:Ubuntu 14.04

蓝牙:绿联USB2.0蓝牙适配器(型号:CM109;芯片:CSR8510)

一、蓝牙识别:

  1、插入硬件,打开终端,查看是否检测到设备:

$ lsusbBus 001 Device 003: ID 0a12:0001 Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)

  2、查看是否识别为蓝牙模块:

$ hciconfig -ahci0:    Type: BR/EDR    Bus: USB            ...

  3、查看蓝牙模块的地址;如果不显示蓝牙模块及其地址,则需要通过rfkill list命令查看hci0是否blocked,使用rfkill unblock 0(rfkill list显示的hci0的序号)即可启用蓝牙模块(hci0)。

$ hcitool devDevices:    hci0    00:1A:7D:DA:71:11

  4、激活蓝牙模块:

$ sudo hciconfig hci0 up

  激活蓝牙模块之后,即可通过手机蓝牙正常连接。如果手机搜索不到该蓝牙模块,可能因为Ubuntu下蓝牙模块默认为不可见,需要在Ubuntu上方工具栏中点击蓝牙图标,设置Visible ON即可(暂时没有找到Ubuntu下设置蓝牙可见性的终端命令)。

  5、此次测试设置蓝牙模块为服务端且不需要配对码:

$ hciconfig hci0 noauth

  6、hciconfig和hcitool(BlueZ提供的工具,BlueZ是多数Linux发行版的默认蓝牙协议栈)可以实现搜索、连接等功能,此处主要希望通过编程控制蓝牙模块,故对此暂时不做深究。

二、PyBluez安装:

  1、下载并解压PyBluez-0.22,进入PyBluez-0.22目录;(https://github.com/karulis/pybluez)

  2、安装PyBluez-0.22:

$ sudo python setup.py install

    出现问题:

In file included from bluez/btmodule.c:20:0:    bluez/btmode.h:5:33: fatal error: bluetooth/bluetooth.h: No such file or directory    #include <bluetooth/bluetooth.h>

    解决问题:安装libbluetooth-dev:

$ sudo apt-get install libbluetooth-dev

三、PyBluez测试(参考PyBluez自带example实现):

  1、查询设备列表:

import bluetoothnearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(lookup_names=True)for addr, name in nearby_devices:    print("  %s - %s" % (addr, name))

  2、查询设备服务:

import bluetoothnearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(lookup_names=True)for addr, name in nearby_devices:    print("  %s - %s" % (addr, name))    services = bluetooth.find_service(address=addr)    for svc in services:        print("Service Name: %s"    % svc["name"])        print("    Host:        %s" % svc["host"])        print("    Description: %s" % svc["description"])        print("    Provided By: %s" % svc["provider"])        print("    Protocol:    %s" % svc["protocol"])        print("    channel/PSM: %s" % svc["port"])        print("    svc classes: %s "% svc["service-classes"])        print("    profiles:    %s "% svc["profiles"])        print("    service id:  %s "% svc["service-id"])        print("")

  3、RFCOMM:

    蓝牙串口服务端:

import bluetoothif __name__ == "__main__":    print("looking for nearby devices...")    nearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(lookup_names=True)    for addr, name in nearby_devices:        print("%s %s" % (addr, name))    server_sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.RFCOMM)    server_sock.bind(("", bluetooth.PORT_ANY))    server_sock.listen(1)        port = server_sock.getsockname()[1]        uuid = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"    bluetooth.advertise_service(server_sock, "SampleServer", service_Waiting for connection on RFCOMM channel %d" % port)    client_sock, client_info = server_sock.accept()    print(client_info)        try:        while True:            data = client_sock.recv(1024)            if len(data) == 0:                break            print("received [%s]" % data)    except IOError:        pass        client_sock.close()    server_sock.close()    print("this test is done!")    

    出现问题:Segmentation Fault(参考rfcomm-server.py给定advertise_service方法6个参数时)

    解决问题:首先了解错误原因——内存访问越界,说明PyBluez封装BlueZ存在着一些bug;然后定位错误出现位置:advertise_service;在此之后查看PyBluez源码——bluetooth文件夹下的bluez.py文件中advertise_service的实现,发现该方法最少只需要前三个参数即可,去除多余参数后,运行成功。

    总结问题:这种多余参数出现bug的情况非常典型,在程序实现的初期,通常是针对必要参数进行处理而忽视了多余的/扩展的/辅助的参数,而在一般测试过程中通常也很少能够检测到这种参数问题,因此,实际应用时,减少多余参数是绕过bug的一种很实用的方法。

  最后,通过手机蓝牙串口App连接蓝牙串口服务端,成功实现信息传递。(^_^)

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作者:xjEzekiel

来源:CNBLOGS

原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/Ezekiel/p/8547817.html

版权声明:本文为作者原创文章,转载请附上博文链接!