django环境部署-nginx环境

2023-11-08 11:42•数据库•阅读 914

一、使用nginx+mod_wsgi

参考：http://moodylee.me/2011/10/13/python_web_programming_1/

1、下载软件

mkdir software

# cd software/

http://nginx.org/en/download.html

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.5.tar.gz

错误：这个是用在apache上面的，不是用在nginx上面的

# wget http://modwsgi.googlecode.com/files/mod_wsgi-3.4.tar.gz

或者

#hg clone https://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/

也就是mod_wsgi-3.2-1.el6.i686包

# rpm -qa|grep mod_wsgi

mod_wsgi-3.2-1.el6.i686

正确为

hg工具需要安装mercurial-hgk

# yum -y install mercurial-hgk

# hg clone http://bitbucket.org/lifeeth/mod_wsgi/

2、安装

1)基本环境

./configure: error: the WSGI addon requires Python library.

# yum -y install python-devel

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.

# yum -y install pcre-devel

2)安装nginx+mod_wsgi

#tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.5.tar.gz

#cd nginx-1.2.5

# ./configure --add-module=/root/software/mod_wsgi

config通过

nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"

nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"

nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"

nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"

nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"

nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"

nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"

nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"

nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"

nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

# make && make install

3、配置mod_wsgi

1)基本bin和配置文件

# cd /root/software/mod_wsgi

安装好后，先执行mod_wsgi中的配置程序setup.py。它会帮你把一些文件拷贝到nginx配置

mod_wsgi本身带了一些示例，全部放在代码的examples目录中。配置文件也有一个示例在这个目录中就叫做nginx.conf。

如果编译安装nginx不是默认配置，指定了安装目录，则运行本脚本需要指定目录

#python setup.py --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin

如果是默认，则无需

# python setup.py

using

prefix: /usr/local/nginx

sbin-path: /usr/local/nginx/sbin

conf-path: /usr/local/nginx/conf

done

增加

sbin

# ll /usr/local/nginx/sbin/

total 2908

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2956970 Nov 30 12:09 nginx #原来

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4584 Nov 30 12:18 ngx_wsgi.py

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5322 Nov 30 12:18 ngx_wsgiref.py

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3905 Nov 30 12:18 ngx_wsgitest.py

配置

/usr/local/nginx/conf/wsgi_vars

2)ngxin配置文件

# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf_bak

# cp /root/software/mod_wsgi/examples/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

worker_processes 2;

daemon off;

master_process on;

error_log logs/error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

env HOME;

#env PYTHONPATH=/some/path; #修改项目路径，可不填写

env PYTHON_EGG_CACHE=/tmp; #增加 #解决python执行egg包的权限问题

http {

#include conf/mime.types; #修改路径问题

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '

# '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

gzip off;

#ssl on;

#ssl_certificate conf/server.crt;

#ssl_certificate_key conf/server.key;

wsgi_python_optimize 0;

#wsgi_python_executable /usr/bin/python;

#wsgi_python_home /usr/;

wsgi_enable_subinterpreters on;

server {

listen 1234;

server_name localhost;

#include conf/wsgi_vars; # 修改路径问题

include wsgi_vars;

#wsgi_middleware wsgiref.validate validator;

#wsgi_middleware paste.lint;

location / {

#client_body_buffer_size 50;

wsgi_pass /usr/local/nginx/nginx.py; #默认没有这个文件，需要拷贝，用于测试

wsgi_pass_authorization off;

wsgi_script_reloading on;

wsgi_use_main_interpreter on;

}

125 #gzip_types text/html text/plain; 需要注释

或者下面全部删除

3)测试脚本

# cp mod_wsgi/examples/nginx.py /usr/local/nginx/nginx.py

启动后还报错

没有nginx_module这模版

注释 #import nginx_module

4、启动

# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

http://172.16.9.252:1234/

会显示一些信息信息

5、部署自己的项目

1) 404 500页面

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/404

# cat /usr/local/nginx/html/404.html

# cat /usr/local/nginx/html/500.html

注意确保

#vim /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/myproject/settings.py

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (

'/usr/local/nginx/html/',

)

2)自己程序

rpm -vih rsync-api-0.0.1-1.noarch.rpm

2) 入口程序

(1)入口脚本

#vim /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/main.wsgi

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os, sys

sys.path.append('/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api')

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myproject.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi

_application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

DEBUG = True

def application(environ, start_response):

environ['PATH_INFO'] = environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] + environ['PATH_INFO']

return _application(environ, start_response)

(2)nginx配置修改

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

location / {

#client_body_buffer_size 50;

#wsgi_pass /usr/local/nginx/nginx.py;修改为程序脚本

wsgi_pass /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/main.wsgi;

wsgi_pass_authorization off;

wsgi_script_reloading on;

wsgi_use_main_interpreter on;

}

4)测试

测试访问不存在的页面

测试访问引起500

http://172.16.9.252:1234/rsync/list

500

打开DEBUG可以看到是权限问题，

默认是nobody运行

nobody 18982 0.0 0.2 8024 2188 pts/2 S+ 18:01 0:00 nginx: worker process

nobody 18983 0.0 0.2 8024 2256 pts/2 S+ 18:01 0:00 nginx: worker process

无法对/etc/rsyncd.conf操作

# ll /etc/rsyncd.conf

-r-------- 1 root root 5901 Nov 30 14:14 /etc/rsyncd.conf

配置修改为

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user root;

二、使用nginx+uWSGI方式

http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/

http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Install

http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Quickstart

http://www.oschina.net/question/54100_30386

http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpUwsgiModuleMultipleDynamicApplications

http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example

1、下载

# cd software/

http://nginx.org/en/download.html

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.5.tar.gz

http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/

# wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-1.4.2.tar.gz

2、安装

1) uwsgi

# yum -y install libxml2-dev

# tar -zxvf uwsgi-1.4.2.tar.gz

# cd uwsgi-1.4.2

#####

# make -f Makefile.Py26 #指定你python的版本,如果你的python是2.7 就应该是 make -f Makefile.Py27

cp uwsgi /usr/sbin/uwsgi

####这种方式老版本方式了

# python setup.py --help

# python setup.py build

running build

running build_py

creating build/lib

# python setup.py install

############## end of uWSGI configuration #############

*** uWSGI is ready, launch it with /usr/bin/uwsgi ***

running build

running build_py

running install_lib

copying build/lib/uwsgidecorators.py -> /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages

byte-compiling /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/uwsgidecorators.py to uwsgidecorators.pyc

running install_egg_info

running egg_info

creating uWSGI.egg-info

writing uWSGI.egg-info/PKG-INFO

writing top-level names to uWSGI.egg-info/top_level.txt

writing dependency_links to uWSGI.egg-info/dependency_links.txt

writing manifest file 'uWSGI.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'

reading manifest file 'uWSGI.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'

writing manifest file 'uWSGI.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'

Copying uWSGI.egg-info to /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/uWSGI-1.4.2-py2.6.egg-info

running install_scripts

另外一种安装方式

# yum -y install python-pip.noarch

# pip-python install pip

未成功

python uwsgiconfig.py --build

cp uwsgi /usr/sbin/uwsgi

至此 uWSGI 就算是安装完成了，下一步安装 Nginx > 0.8 的版本,因为只有Nginx > 0.8 的版本才支持wsgi

2)、nginx

yum -y install nginx

3、配置nginx

如果没有

# cp ./nginx/uwsgi_params /etc/nginx/

#vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/test-uwsgi.conf

server {

listen 12345;

server_name test.skylog.com;

access_log /data/logs/sitelogs/test.skylog.com-access.log ;

error_log /data/logs/sitelogs/test.skylog.com-error.log ;

location / {

uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8630;

include uwsgi_params;

}

全部

/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user root;

worker_processes 2;

daemon off;

master_process on;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

pid /data/logs/nginx.pid;

events {

use epoll;

worker_connections 1024;

}

#env HOME;

#env PYTHONPATH=/var/www/rsync;

#env PYTHON_EGG_CACHE=/tmp;

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_port - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '

'"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

gzip off;

#ssl on;

#ssl_certificate conf/server.crt;

#ssl_certificate_key conf/server.key;

##wsgi_python_optimize 2;

##wsgi_python_executable /usr/bin/python;

#wsgi_python_home /usr;

#wsgi_enable_subinterpreters on;

server {

listen 12345;

server_name test.skylog.com;

access_log /data/logs/sitelogs/test.skylog.com-access.log ;

error_log /data/logs/sitelogs/test.skylog.com-error.log ;

location / {

uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8630;

include uwsgi_params;

}

4、配置uwsgi

socket方式，比http方式好

1）配置文件

# vim /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/myproject.xml

<uwsgi>

<pidfile>/tmp/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>

<module>wsgi</module> #就是wsgi.py

<pythonpath>/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/</pythonpath> #项目目录

<memory-report>true</memory-report>

<enable-threads>true</enable-threads>

<limit-as>6048</limit-as>

</uwsgi>

2)加载脚本

作用通过加载项目加载到项目和应用

也就是上面的<module>wsgi</module>

# vi /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/wsgi.py

import os,sys

if not os.path.dirname(__file__) in sys.path[:1]:

sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__))

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myproject.settings'

from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler

application = WSGIHandler()

说明：

os.path.dirname(__file__)：本文件所在目录

sys.path系统路径

3)启动

#uwsgi -x /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/myproject.xml

不行

成功的提示

Sat Dec 1 13:00:01 2012 - WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 1 seconds on interpreter 0x9596c78 pid: 21343 (default app)

未成功的提示

Sat Dec 1 13:00:44 2012 - unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)

Sat Dec 1 13:00:44 2012 - *** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode **

问题原因<module>jin</module>不能项目名相同，不能设置为<module>myproject</module>，也就是加载的脚本也不能设置为myproject.py

也不能叫uwsgi

myproject.xml 可以和项目相同

规范:

加载脚本：uwsgi 不能是uwsgi或者项目名，不然无法加载

完整xml：myproject.xml

测试nginx是root这种方式无法读取/etc/rsyncd.conf文件

快速启动方式

uwsgi --socket 127.0.0.1:8630 --pythonpath /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api --module wsgi --processes 2

启动之后杀进程关不掉

# kill -9 `cat /tmp/uwsgi.pid`

5、启动

# /etc/init.d/nginx start

6、测试

http://192.168.78.250:12345/

7、也可以使用unix socket模式

socket = /tmp/i_am_a_unix_socket.sock

#vim /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/myproject1.xml

# cp /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/wsgi.py /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/rsync.py

uwsgi -x /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api/myproject1.xml

uwsgi --socket /tmp/i_am_a_unix_socket.sock --pythonpath /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api --module rsync --processes 2

module是其中一个app名称也报错

# uwsgi --socket /tmp/uwsgi.sock --pythonpath /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/rsync-api --module wsgi --processes 2

# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

uwsgi_pass unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock;

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django环境部署-nginx环境

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