在ubuntu16下安装virtualenv+virtualenvwrapper
ubuntu16已经安装好了py2和py3（自带的）
bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$ python python python2-config python3.5m python3m-config python2 python3 python3.5m-config python-config python2.7 python3.5 python3-config python2.7-config python3.5-config python3m
我要用的是py3，所以安装virtulenv+virtualenvwrapper，我用的是pip3，使用：apt-get install python3-pip
可以完成
通过pip安装virtualenv：
$ pip3 install virtualenv
测试你的安装
$ virtualenv --version
使用virtualenv这里就不多说，继续安装virtualenvwrapper
pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
要想使用virtualenvwrapper，需要启动virtualenvwrapper.sh脚本，一般是放在
/usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
不过我安装后没找到，用find命令搜到是在 $HOME/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
打开家目录下的.bashrc 在最底部加上下面这一段：
#python虚拟环境配置
export VIRTUALENV_USE_DISTRIBUTE=1 # 总是使用 pip/distribute
#export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.local/virtualenvs # 所有虚拟环境存储的目录
if [ -e $HOME/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh ];then
export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
export PROJECT_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3 #指定py3
source $HOME/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
else if [ -e /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh ];then
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
fi
fi
export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME
export PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=truePS: 我的VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON变量指向的是py3,
启动source ~/.bashrc ,出现下面信息，说明环境配置好了。
bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$ source ~/.bashrc virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/initialize virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/premkvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/postmkvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/prermvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/postrmvirtualenv virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/predeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/postdeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/preactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/postactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/get_env_details virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/premkproject virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/Envs/postmkproject
测试下：创建虚拟环境：second_project
bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$ mkvirtualenv second_project Using base prefix '/usr' New python executable in /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/python3 Also creating executable in /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done. virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/predeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/postdeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/preactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/postactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/second_project/bin/get_env_details
进入虚拟环境， 安装requests
bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$ workon second_project (second_project) bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$ pip pip pip2 pip3 pip3.5 (second_project) bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$ pip3 install requests Collecting requests Using cached requests-2.18.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting idna<2.6,>=2.5 (from requests) Using cached idna-2.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 (from requests) Using cached chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1 (from requests) Using cached urllib3-1.22-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests) Using cached certifi-2017.7.27.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Installing collected packages: idna, chardet, urllib3, certifi, requests Successfully installed certifi-2017.7.27.1 chardet-3.0.4 idna-2.5 requests-2.18.3 urllib3-1.22 (second_project) bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/python_file/Django_project$
或者，你可以创建一个项目，它会创建虚拟环境，并在 $PROJECT_HOME 中创建一个项目目录。 当你使用 workon myproject 时，会 cd -ed 到项目目录中。
bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~$ vim .bashrc bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~$ source .bashrc bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~$ mkproject third_project Using base prefix '/usr' New python executable in /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/python3 Also creating executable in /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/python Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done. virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/predeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/postdeactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/preactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/postactivate virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project/bin/get_env_details Creating /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project Setting project for third_project to /home/bigni/.virtualenvs/third_project (third_project) bigni@bigni-Latitude-E6230:~/.virtualenvs/third_project$
virtualenvwrapper 提供环境名字的tab补全功能。当你有很多环境， 并且很难记住它们的名字时，这就显得很有用。
workon 也能停止你当前所在的环境，所以你可以在环境之间快速的切换。
- 停止是一样的：
$ deactivate
- 删除：
$ rmvirtualenv my_project
其他有用的命令
lsvirtualenv- 列举所有的环境。
cdvirtualenv- 导航到当前激活的虚拟环境的目录中，比如说这样你就能够浏览它的
site-packages。 cdsitepackages- 和上面的类似，但是是直接进入到
site-packages目录中。 lssitepackages- 显示
site-packages目录中的内容。
export PROJECT_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs