kubernetes安装，基于CentOS7，kubeadm
kubeadm可以帮助你快速部署一套kubernetes集群。kubeadm设计目的为新用户开始尝试kubernetes提供一种简单的方法。不适用于生产环境。
1、安装要求及目标
- 禁止swap分区（kubernetes不支持）
- 可以访问外网
- 集群机器之间网络互通
- 所以节点上安装Docker和kubeadm
- 部署Kubernetes Master
- 部署网络管理插件
- 部署Kubernetes Node，将节点加入Kubenetes集群中
- 部署Dashboard Web页面，可视化查看Kubernetes资源
- 关闭防火墙：
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
- 关闭selinux：
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config setenforce 0 # 使设置生效
getenforce # 查看
- 关闭swap：
swapoff -a # 临时关闭
sed -i 's/.\\*swap.\\*/#&/' /etc/fstab # 永久关闭
- 添加主机名与IP对应关系：
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.174.138 k8s-master 192.168.174.139 k8s-node1 192.168.174.140 k8s-node2
- 将桥接的IPV4流量传递到iptables链：
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 EOF sysctl --system # 是配置生效
2、集群节点安装Docker/Kubeadm/kubelet
- 安装Docker：
yum install -y wget
yum install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum update && yum install docker-ce-18.06.2.cemkdir /etc/dockercat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
},
"storage-driver": "overlay2",
"storage-opts": [
"overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
]
}
EOFmkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.dsystemctl daemon-reload&&systemctl restart docker &&systemctl enable docker
docker --version
- 安装Kubernetes：
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64 enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet
# 在Master上执行
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.174.138 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.14.2 \
--service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
# 在Node上执行
kubeadm join 192.168.174.138:6443 --token 0605l0.mezfbd5bq517d8mp \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:a1fdab515df1ce5cb5ff5994c910e7a2aa9625d025469af06c15edccd5208a35
# 查看kubernetes运行状态
kubectl get pod -n kube-system
kubectl get node
3、部署kubernetes-dashboard
docker pull k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1 wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
rules:
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
verbs: ["create"]
# Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
# Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
verbs: ["get", "update"]
# Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
resourceNames: ["heapster"]
verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services/proxy"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
ports:
- containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
args:
- --auto-generate-certificates
# Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
# If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
# to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
# - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
# Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTPS
path: /
port: 8443
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30000
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboardkubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
创建令牌：授权，对所有名称空间都有admin的权限
# 创建serviceaccount kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-serviceaccount-admin -n kube-system # 创建clusterrolebinding kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-cluster-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-serviceaccount-admin # 获取令牌 kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep dashboard-serviceaccount-admin-token # 查看dashboard-serviceaccount中的口令 kubectl describe secret dashboard-serviceaccount-admin-token-5vc54 -n kube-system
创建Kubeconfig，只对default名称空间有admin的权限
# 创建serviceaccount kubectl create serviceaccount def-ns-dashboard-sa -n default # 创建rolebinding kubectl create rolebinding def-ns-dashboard-rb --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=default:def-ns-dashboard-sa # 在secret中查找def-ns-dashboard-sa kubectl get secret # 查看def-ns-dashboard-sa中的口令 kubectl describe secret def-ns-dashboard-sa-token-b8plm
