python中的if while for语句用法

一、if判断

模拟人对某些事物的判断并作出不同的决策的能力。计算机由于要像人一样的去工作,那么它必须也要具备判断事物对错的能力,从而作出不同的响应。实际中的例子,面前走过一个妹纸,你会想好不好看,要不要超过去看看正脸等等。程序中比如ATM取款机,需要接收你输入的用户名和密码来判断你是否是合法用户等等。

语法: if 条件:

代码1

代码2

代码3

...

else:

代码1

代码2

代码3

...

if...else...表示代码成立会怎么样,else表示不成立会怎么样。

cls = 'human'
gender = 'female'
age = 18
if cls == 'human'and 'gender' == 'female' and age >16 and age < 22:
    print('上去表白')
else:
    print(‘打扰了’')

if...elif...

if 条件1:

代码1

代码2

代码3

...

elif 条件2:

代码1

代码2

代码3

...

elif 条件3:

代码1

代码2

代码3

...

...

else:

代码1

代码2

代码3

...

if...elif...else表示if条件1成立干什么,elif条件2成立干什么,elif条件3成立干什么,elif...否则干什么。

if...elif...else

cls = 'human'

gender = 'female'

age = 28

if cls == 'human' and gender == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 22:

print('开始表白')

elif cls == 'human' and gender == 'female' and age > 22 and age < 30:

print('考虑下')

else:

print('阿姨好')

应用实例:#模拟注册登录

user_name = 'zzj'

user_pwd = '123'

inp_name = input('please input your name>>>:')

inp_pwd = input('please input your password>>>:')

if user_name == inp_name and userpwd == inp_pwd:

print('登陆成功!')

else :

print('登录错误!')

#一周安排

print('''必须输入其中一种:

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday Sunday

''')

today=input('>>: ')

if today == 'Monday' or today == 'Tuesday' or today == 'Wednesday' or today == 'Thursday' or today == 'Friday':

print('上班')

elif today == 'Saturday' or today == 'Sunday':

print('出去浪')

else:

print('''必须输入其中一种:

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

''')

if 的嵌套

cls = 'human'

gender = 'female'

age = 18

is_success = False

if cls == 'human' and gender == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 22:

print('开始表白')

if is_success:

print('那我们一起走吧...')

else:

print('我逗你玩呢')

else:

print('阿姨好')

二、while循环

实现ATM的输入密码重新输入的功能

user_db = 'nick'

pwd_db = ‘123’

while True:

inp_user = input('username:')

inp_pwd = input('password:')

if inp_user == user_db and pwd_db == inp_pwd:

print('login successful')

else:

print('username or password error')

while + break

break 的意思就是终止掉当前层的循环,执行其他代码。

#break 语句演示

while True :

print('1')

print('2')

print('3')

break

例:

user_db = 'jason'

pwd_db = '123'

while True:

inp_user = input('username: ')

inp_pwd = input('password: ')

if inp_user == user_db and pwd_db == inp_pwd:

print('login successful')

break

else:

print('username or password error')

print('退出了while循环')

#while + else

n = 1

while n < 3:

if n == 2:

print(n)

n +=1

else:

ptint('else会在while没有break时才会执行else中的代码')

三、for 循环

1. for i in range(1,10): #range顾头不顾尾

print(i)

2.name_list = ['jason','zzj','angela']

for i in range(len(name_list)):

prtint(i,name_list[i])

3.for + break 跳出本层循环

name = ['jason','zzj','angela']

for i in name:

if i == 'zzj':

break

print(i)

4.for + continue

name = ['jason','zzj','angela']

for i in name:

if i == 'zzj':

continue

print(i)

5.for循环练习题

打印九九乘法口诀表

for i in range(1,10):
     for j in range(1,i+1):
        print('%s*%s=%s'%(i,j,i*j),end=' ')
     print()