[转]Using $select, $expand, and $value in ASP.NET Web API 2 OData
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- $expand causes related entities to be included inline in the response.
- $select selects a subset of properties to include in the response.
- $value gets the raw value of a property.
Example Schema
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C#
public class Supplier
{
[Key]
public string Key {get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
public class Category
{
public int ID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<Product> Products { get; set; }
}
public class Product
{
public int ID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
[ForeignKey("Category")]
public int CategoryId { get; set; }
public Category Category { get; set; }
[ForeignKey("Supplier")]
public string SupplierId { get; set; }
public virtual Supplier Supplier { get; set; }
}
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Enabling $expand and $select
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C#
[Queryable]
public IQueryable<Category> GetCategories()
{
return db.Categories;
}
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C#
[Queryable]
public SingleResult<Category> GetCategory([FromODataUri] int key)
{
return SingleResult.Create(db.Categories.Where(c => c.ID == key));
}
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Using $expand
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Categories",
"value":[
{"ID":1,"Name":"Apparel"},
{"ID":2,"Name":"Toys"}
]
}
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Categories?$expand=Products
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Categories",
"value":[
{
"Products":[
{"ID":1,"Name":"Hat","Price":"15.00","CategoryId":1,"SupplierId":"CTSO"},
{"ID":2,"Name":"Scarf","Price":"12.00","CategoryId":1,"SupplierId":"CTSO"},
{"ID":3,"Name":"Socks","Price":"5.00","CategoryId":1,"SupplierId":"FBRK"}
],
"ID":1,
"Name":"Apparel"
},
{
"Products":[
{"ID":4,"Name":"Yo-yo","Price":"4.95","CategoryId":2,"SupplierId":"WING"},
{"ID":5,"Name":"Puzzle","Price":"8.00","CategoryId":2,"SupplierId":"WING"}
],
"ID":2,
"Name":"Toys"
}
]
}
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Products(1)?$expand=Category,Supplier
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Products/@Element",
"Category": {"ID":1,"Name":"Apparel"},
"Supplier":{"Key":"CTSO","Name":"Contoso, Ltd."},
"ID":1,
"Name":"Hat",
"Price":"15.00",
"CategoryId":1,
"SupplierId":"CTSO"
}
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Categories(1)?$expand=Products/Supplier
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Categories/@Element",
"Products":[
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"CTSO","Name":"Contoso, Ltd."},
"ID":1,"Name":"Hat","Price":"15.00","CategoryId":1,"SupplierId":"CTSO"
},
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"CTSO","Name":"Contoso, Ltd."},
"ID":2,"Name":"Scarf","Price":"12.00","CategoryId":1,"SupplierId":"CTSO"
},{
"Supplier":{
"Key":"FBRK","Name":"Fabrikam, Inc."
},"ID":3,"Name":"Socks","Price":"5.00","CategoryId":1,"SupplierId":"FBRK"
}
],"ID":1,"Name":"Apparel"
}
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C#
[Queryable(MaxExpansionDepth=4)]
public IQueryable<Category> GetCategories()
{
return db.Categories;
}
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Using $select
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Products?$select=Price,Name
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Products&$select=Price,Name",
"value":[
{"Price":"15.00","Name":"Hat"},
{"Price":"12.00","Name":"Scarf"},
{"Price":"5.00","Name":"Socks"},
{"Price":"4.95","Name":"Yo-yo"},
{"Price":"8.00","Name":"Puzzle"}
]
}
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Products?$select=Name,Supplier&$expand=Supplier
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Products&$select=Name,Supplier",
"value":[
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"CTSO","Name":"Contoso, Ltd."},
"Name":"Hat"
},
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"CTSO","Name":"Contoso, Ltd."},
"Name":"Scarf"
},
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"FBRK","Name":"Fabrikam, Inc."},
"Name":"Socks"
},
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"WING","Name":"Wingtip Toys"},
"Name":"Yo-yo"
},
{
"Supplier":{"Key":"WING","Name":"Wingtip Toys"},
"Name":"Puzzle"
}
]
}
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Categories?$expand=Products&$select=Name,Products/Name
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console
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost/odata/$metadata#Categories&$select=Name,Products/Name",
"value":[
{
"Products":[ {"Name":"Hat"},{"Name":"Scarf"},{"Name":"Socks"} ],
"Name":"Apparel"
},
{
"Products":[ {"Name":"Yo-yo"},{"Name":"Puzzle"} ],
"Name":"Toys"
}
]
}
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Getting Individual Properties of an Entity ($value)
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Products(1)/Name
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console
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json; odata=minimalmetadata; streaming=true; charset=utf-8
DataServiceVersion: 3.0
Content-Length: 90
{
"odata.metadata":"http://localhost:14239/odata/$metadata#Edm.String",
"value":"Hat"
}
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console
GET http://localhost/odata/Products(1)/Name/$value
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console
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
DataServiceVersion: 3.0
Content-Length: 3
Hat
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C#
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetName(int key)
{
Product product = await db.Products.FindAsync(key);
if (product == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
return Ok(product.Name);
}