python数据分析-10seaborn绘图

"""
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from pandas import Series,DataFrame
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
"""
"""
#Seaborn---是matplotlib的扩展
#演示例子：
#有个文件"iris.csv"
iris = pd.read_csv("iris.csv")
print(iris.head())
#     SepalLength     SepalWidth      PetalLength     PetalWidth      Name
# 0       5.1             3.5             1.4             0.2         Iris-setosaa
# 1       4.9             3.0             1.4             0.2         Iris-setosaa
# 2       4.7             3.2             1.3             0.2         Iris-setosaa
# 3       4.6             3.1             1.5             0.2         Iris-setosaa
# 4       5.0             3.6             1.4             0.2         Iris-setosaa
#需求：画一个花瓣（petal）和花萼（sepal）长度的散点图，并且点的颜色要区分鸢尾花的种类
print(iris.Name.unique())
#['Iris-setosa','Iris-versicolor','Iris-virginica']#一共有三种花
color_map = dict(zip(iris.Name.unique(),['blue','green','red']))
for species,group in iris.groupby("Name"):
    plt.scatter(group["PetalLength"],group["SepalLength"],color=color_map[species],alpha=0.3,edgecolors=None,label=species)
plt.legend(frameon=True,title="Name")
plt.xlabel("PetalLength")
plt.ylabel("sepalLength")
plt.show()
#seaborn画图超级简单，一行代码即可
sns.lmplot("PetalLength","sepalLength",iris,hue="Name",fit_reg=False)
"""
"""
#----------------
#seaborn实现直方图和密度图
s1 = Series(np.random.randn(1000))
#画直方图
# plt.hist(s1)
# plt.show()
#画密度图：
# s1.plot(kind="kde")#可以画直方图
# plt.show()
#使用sns画图：distplot()直方图和密度图
# sns.distplot(s1,bins=20,hist=True,kde=False,rug=True)
# plt.show()
#sns画图：kdeplot()画密度图
# sns.kdeplot(s1,shade=True,color="r")
# plt.show()
"""
"""
#----------------------------
#seaborn实现柱状图和热力图
df = sns.load_dataset("flights")#这是一个在线的数据包，直接可以使用函数获取到
#print(df.head())
#    year     month  passengers
# 0  1949   January         112
# 1  1949  February         118
# 2  1949     March         132
# 3  1949     April         129
# 4  1949       May         121
#print(df.shape)#(144, 3)
df = df.pivot(index="month",columns="year",values="passengers")
#print(df)
# year       1949  1950  1951  1952  1953  ...  1956  1957  1958  1959  1960
# month                                    ...
# January     112   115   145   171   196  ...   284   315   340   360   417
# February    118   126   150   180   196  ...   277   301   318   342   391
# March       132   141   178   193   236  ...   317   356   362   406   419
# April       129   135   163   181   235  ...   313   348   348   396   461
# May         121   125   172   183   229  ...   318   355   363   420   472
# June        135   149   178   218   243  ...   374   422   435   472   535
# July        148   170   199   230   264  ...   413   465   491   548   622
# August      148   170   199   242   272  ...   405   467   505   559   606
# September   136   158   184   209   237  ...   355   404   404   463   508
# October     119   133   162   191   211  ...   306   347   359   407   461
# November    104   114   146   172   180  ...   271   305   310   362   390
# December    118   140   166   194   201  ...   306   336   337   405   432
#
# [12 rows x 12 columns]
#sns.heatmap(df)
# df.plot()
# plt.show()
# sns.heatmap(df,annot=True,fmt='d')#在每个方块里显示具体数据
# plt.show()
s = df.sum()
#print(s)
# year
# 1949    1520
# 1950    1676
# 1951    2042
# 1952    2364
# 1953    2700
# 1954    2867
# 1955    3408
# 1956    3939
# 1957    4421
# 1958    4572
# 1959    5140
# 1960    5714
# dtype: int64
# print(s.index)
# Int64Index([1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959,
#             1960],
#            dtype='int64', name='year')
# print(s.values)#[1520 1676 2042 2364 2700 2867 3408 3939 4421 4572 5140 5714]
#画柱状图
#sns.barplot(x=s.index,y=s.values)
#同样方法：
# s.plot(kind="bar")
# plt.show()
"""
#----------------------
#seaborn设置图形显示效果
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from pandas import Series,DataFrame
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# x = np.linspace(0,14,100)
# y1 = np.sin(x)
# y2 = np.sin(x+2)*1.25
#
# def sinplot():
#     plt.plot(x,y1)
#     plt.plot(x,y2)
# sinplot()
# plt.show()
import seaborn as sns
"""
#seaborn提供了5中风格：这是背景款式的设置
style = ['darkgrid','dark','white','whitegrid','tricks']
sns.set_style(style[0],{ 'grid.color': 'red'})
#sinplot()
#plt.show()
#print(sns.axes_style())#会显示出来设置的样式详细信息,可以据此信息在上面进行具体的设置，放在字典里即可更改设置了
sns.set()#清空设置
sinplot()
plt.show()
"""
"""
#sns设置曲线
#plotting_context() and set_context()
#内置了四种曲线样式
context = ['paper','notebook','talk','poster']
sns.set_context(context[2],rc={'grid.linewidth': 3.0})
sinplot()
plt.show()
print(sns.plotting_context())#显示所有曲线的设置参数信息，进而在上面进行设置
"""
#------------------------------
#Seaborn 强大的调色功能
def sinplot():
    x = np.linspace(0,14,100)
    plt.figure(figsize=(8,6))
    for i in range(4):
        plt.plot(x,np.sin(x+i)*(i+0.75),label="sin(x+%s)*(%s+0.75)" % (i,i))
    plt.legend()
import seaborn as sns
# sinplot()
# plt.show()
#print(sns.color_palette())#返回调色板信息，共有六种色板
# [(0.12156862745098039, 0.4666666666666667, 0.7058823529411765), (1.0, 0.4980392156862745, 0.054901960784313725), (0.17254901960784313, 0.6274509803921569, 0.17254901960784313), (0.8392156862745098, 0.15294117647058825, 0.1568627450980392), (0.5803921568627451, 0.403921568627451, 0.7411764705882353), (0.5490196078431373, 0.33725490196078434, 0.29411764705882354), (0.8901960784313725, 0.4666666666666667, 0.7607843137254902), (0.4980392156862745, 0.4980392156862745, 0.4980392156862745), (0.7372549019607844, 0.7411764705882353, 0.13333333333333333), (0.09019607843137255, 0.7450980392156863, 0.8117647058823529)]
# sns.palplot(sns.color_palette())#显示色板图像
# plt.show()
#seaborn提供了六种主题的色板
# pal_style = ['deep','muted','pastel','bright','dark','colorblind']
# sns.palplot(sns.color_palette("deep"))
# plt.show()
# sns.set_palette(sns.color_palette("dark"))
# sinplot()
# plt.show()
#
# sns.set()#恢复原始状态
# sinplot()
# plt.show()
#在with语句里面操作，会显示with里面的操作，然后关闭，显示原始操作
# with sns.color_palette("dark"):
#     sinplot()
#     plt.show()
#
# sinplot()
# plt.show()
#自定义色块
#pal1 = sns.color_palette([(0.5,0.1,0.7),(0.3,0.1,0.9)])
# sns.palplot(pal1)
# plt.show()
#另一种方法：
sns.palplot(sns.color_palette("hls",8))
plt.show()