Vue基础汇总实践

2024-05-07 12:58•服务端开发•阅读 460

1)双向绑定：

<div >
<p>{{message}}</p>
<input v-model="message"/>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
message:'Hello vue.js'
}
})

2)渲染列表

<div >
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos">{{todo.text}}</li>
</ul>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
todos:[
{text:'学习vue'},
{text:'学习Sass'},
{text:'学习webpack'}
]
}
})

3)处理用户输入

<div >
<p>{{message}}</p>
<input v-model='message'/>
<button type="button" v-on:click="reverseMessage">反转</button>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
message:'hello world'
},
methods:{
reverseMessage:function(){
this.message=this.message.split('').reverse().join('')
}
}
})

4)综合小例子：记事本

<div >
<input v-model="newTodo" v-on:keyup.enter="addTodo" placeholder="请记录未完成的计划" />
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos">
<span>{{todo.text}}</span>
<button type="button" v-on:click="removeTodo($index)">X</button>
</li>
</ul>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
newTodo:'',
todos:[
{text:'学习Vue'},
{text:'学习Sass'},
{text:'学习webpack'}
]
},
methods:{
addTodo:function(){
var text = this.newTodo.trim();
if(text){
this.todos.push({text:text});
this.newTodo='';
}
},
removeTodo:function(index){
this.todos.splice(index,1);
}
}
})

5)插值

<div >
<p>{{*message}}</p>
<p>{{{raw_html}}}</p>
<p >html特性</p>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
message:'Hello vue.js',
raw_html:'<span>原始的html</span>',
id:'1'
}
})

6)绑定表达式

<div >
<p>{{number+1}}</p>
<p>{{ok ? 'Yes' : 'No'}}</p>
<p>{{message.split('').reverse().join('')}}</p>
<p>{{name | capitalize}}</p>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
number:2,
ok:false,
message:'123456789',
name:'brucee lee'
}
})

7)指令

<div >
<a v-bind:href="url" v-on:click="dosomething">指令带参数</a>
<a :href="url" @click="dosomething">指令缩写</a>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
url:'http://g.pptv.com'
},
methods:{
dosomething:function(){
alert(this.url);
}
}
})

8)计算属性

<div >
<p>a={{a}},b={{b}}</p>
<p>{{fullName}}</p>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
a:1,
firstName:'Micro',
lastName:'Jodon'
},
computed:{
b:function(){
return this.a + 1;
},
/*fullName:function(){
return this.firstName + ' ' + this.lastName;
}*/
fullName:{
get:function(){
return this.firstName + ' ' + this.lastName;
},
set:function(newValue){
var names = newValue.split(' ');
this.firstName = names[0];
this.lastName = names[names.length-1];
}
}
}
})

9)class与style绑定

.static{
width: 200px;
margin: 20px auto;
height: 25px;
line-height: 25px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 18px;
}
.class-a{
background-color: #f00;
}
.class-b{
color: #fff;
}
.class-c{
padding: 5px 0;
}

<div >
<p class="static" v-bind:class="{'class-a':isA,'class-b':isB}">绑定class</p>
<p class="static" v-bind:class="classObject">绑定class</p>
<p class="static" v-bind:class="[classA,classB,classC]">绑定class</p>
<p class="static" v-bind:class="[classA,{ 'class-b': isB,'class-c': isC}]">绑定class</p>
<p class="static" v-bind:>绑定style</p>
<p class="static" v-bind:>绑定style</p>
</div>

new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
classA:'class-a',
classB:'class-b',
classC:'class-c',
isA:true,
isB:false,
isC:true,
classObject:{
'class-a':true,
'class-b':true
},
styleObject:{
color:'red',
fontSize:'13px',
backgroundColor:'#00f'
},
styleObjectA:{
color:'green',
fontSize:'16px'
},
styleObjectB:{
backgroundColor:'#f0f',
transform:'rotate(7deg)'
}
}
})

10)条件渲染

<div >
<h1 v-if="Math.random() > 0.5">对不起！</h1>
<h1 v-else>没关系</h1>
<template v-if="ok">
<h1>标题</h1>
<p>段落1</p>
<p>段落2</p>
</template>
<h1 v-show="isShow">Hello!</h1>
<custom-component v-show="condition"></custom-component>
<p v-show="!condition">这可能也是一个组件</p>
</div>

// 定义
var MyComponent = Vue.extend({
template: '<div>A custom component!</div>'
});
// 注册
Vue.component('custom-component', MyComponent);
new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
ok:true,
isShow:false,
condition:true
},
})

11)列表渲染

<div >
<ul>
<template v-for="item in items" track-by="_uid">
<li>{{ parentMessage }} - {{ $index }} - {{ item.message }}</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
</template>
</ul>
<ul>
<li v-for="(key,val) in object">{{key}} : {{val}}</li>
</ul>
<span v-for="n in 10">{{ n }}</span>
</div>

ul{
list-style: none;
width: 150px;
}
.divider{
height: 2px;
background-color: #00f;
}
span{
padding: 0 2px;
}

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app',
data:{
parentMessage:'水果',
items:[
{ _uid:'001',message:'香蕉'},
{ _uid:'002',message:'橘子'}
],
object:{
FirstName: 'John',
LastName: 'Doe',
Age: 30
}
}
});
//变异方法：push()、pop()、shift()、unshift()、splice()、sort()、reverse()
vm.items.push({message:'苹果'},{message:'梨子'});//推入两项
vm.items.shift();//取出第一项
//非变异方法：filter(), concat(), slice(),可用替换数组来修改原数组
vm.items=vm.items.filter(function (item) {
return item.message.match(/子/);
})

12)方法与事件处理器

<div >
<button type="button" v-on:click="say('Hello',$event)">提交</button>
<a v-on:click.stop="doThis"></a>
<form v-on:submit.prevent="onSubmit"></form>
<a v-on:click.stop.prevent="doThat"></a>
<form v-on:submit.prevent></form>
<div v-on:click.capture="doThis">...</div>
<div v-on:click.self="doThat">...</div>
<input v-on:keyup.enter="submit">
</div>

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app',
methods:{
say:function(msg,event){
alert(msg+","+event.target.tagName);
event.preventDefault();
}
}
});

13)表单控件绑定

<div >
<span>这是您的评论：</span>
<p>{{message}}</p>
<textarea v-model="message" placeholder="请输入您的评论"></textarea>
<br>
<input type="checkbox" v-model="checked">
<label for="checkbox">{{ checked }}</label>
<br>
<input type="checkbox" value="马云" v-model="checkedNames">
<label for="jack">马云</label>
<input type="checkbox" value="马化腾" v-model="checkedNames">
<label for="john">马化腾</label>
<input type="checkbox" value="李彦宏" v-model="checkedNames">
<label for="mike">李彦宏</label>
<br>
<span>选中的值: {{ checkedNames | json }}</span>
<br>
<input type="radio" value="One" v-model="picked">
<label for="one">One</label>
<br>
<input type="radio" value="Two" v-model="picked">
<label for="two">Two</label>
<br>
<span>选中的值: {{ picked }}</span>
<br>
<select v-model="selected">
<option selected>湖北</option>
<option>北京</option>
<option>上海</option>
</select>
<span>选中的值: {{ selected }}</span>
<br>
<select v-model="selecteds" multiple>
<option v-for="option in options" v-bind:value="option.value">{{ option.text }}</option>
</select>
<br>
<span>选中的值: {{ selecteds | json }}</span>
<br>
<input type="checkbox" v-model="toggle" v-bind:true-value="a" v-bind:false-value="b"/>
<span>选中时的值：{{toggle}}</span>
<br>
<input type="radio" v-model="pick" v-bind:value="c">男
<input type="radio" v-model="pick" v-bind:value="d">女
<span>选中时的值：{{pick}}</span>
<input v-model="msg" lazy>
<input v-model="age" number>
<input v-model="msg" debounce="500">
</div>

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app',
data: {
checkedNames: [],
options:[
{text:'南京',value:'南京'},
{text:'苏州',value:'苏州'},
{text:'无锡',value:'无锡'}
],
a:'选中',
b:'未选中',
c:'男',
d:'女'
}
});

14)css过渡

<div >
<div v-if="show" transition="expand">Hello1</div>
<div v-if="show" :transition="transitionName">Hello2</div>
<button type="button" v-on:click="toggle">过渡效果演示</button>
</div>

/* 必需 */
.expand-transition {
transition: all 0.5s ease;
height: 30px;
padding: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
}
/* .expand-enter 定义进入的开始状态 */
/* .expand-leave 定义离开的结束状态 */
.expand-enter, .expand-leave {
height: 0;
padding: 0 10px;
opacity: 0;
}
.fade-transition{
transition: all 0.5s ease;
height: 30px;
padding: 10px;
outline: 0px; color: rgb(209, 154, 102); word-break: break-all;">2df;
overflow: hidden;
}
.fade-enter, .fade-leave {
padding: 0 10px;
opacity: 0.5;
}

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app',
data: {
show:true,
transitionName:'fade'
},
methods:{
toggle:function(){
if(this.show){
this.show=false;
}else{
this.show=true;
}
}
},
transitions: {
expand: {
beforeEnter: function (el) {
el.textContent = 'beforeEnter'
},
enter: function (el) {
el.textContent = 'enter'
},
afterEnter: function (el) {
el.textContent = 'afterEnter'
},
beforeLeave: function (el) {
el.textContent = 'beforeLeave'
},
leave: function (el) {
el.textContent = 'leave'
},
afterLeave: function (el) {
el.textContent = 'afterLeave'
}
}
}
});

15)css自定义过渡（注：与animats.css配合使用）

<div >
<div v-show="ok" class="animated" transition="bounce">只有我最摇摆</div>
<button type="button" v-on:click="toggle">演示过渡效果</button>
</div>

.animated{
width: 150px;
background-color: #2df;
height: 30px;
padding: 10px;
}

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app',
data: {
ok:true
},
methods:{
toggle:function(){
if(this.ok){
this.ok=false;
}else{
this.ok=true;
}
}
},
transitions: {
bounce: {
enterClass: 'bounceInLeft',
leaveClass: 'bounceOutRight'
}
}
});

16)CSS动画（注：与animats.css配合使用）

<div >
<div v-show="ok" class="animated" transition="bounce">看我变一个</div>
<button type="button" v-on:click="toggle">演示动画效果</button>
</div>

.animated{
width: 150px;
background-color: #2df;
height: 30px;
padding: 10px;
}
.bounce-transition {
display: inline-block; /* 否则 scale 动画不起作用 */
}
.bounce-enter {
animation: bounce-in .5s;
}
.bounce-leave {
animation: bounce-out .5s;
}
@keyframes bounce-in {
0% {
transform: scale(0);
}
50% {
transform: scale(1.5);
}
100% {
transform: scale(1);
}
}
@keyframes bounce-out {
0% {
transform: scale(1);
}
50% {
transform: scale(1.5);
}
100% {
transform: scale(0);
}
}

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app',
data: {
ok:true
},
methods:{
toggle:function(){
if(this.ok){
this.ok=false;
}else{
this.ok=true;
}
}
}
});

17)Javascript过渡

<div >
<p transition='fade'>什么和什么？</p>
</div>

.fade-transition{
transition: all 0.5s ease;
height: 30px;
padding: 10px;
background-color: #2df;
overflow: hidden;
}

var vm=new Vue({
el:'#app'
});
vm.transition('fade', {
css: false,
enter: function (el, done) {
// 元素已被插入 DOM
// 在动画结束后调用 done
$(el)
.css('opacity', 0)
.animate({ opacity: 1 }, 1000, done)
},
enterCancelled: function (el) {
$(el).stop()
},
leave: function (el, done) {
// 与 enter 相同
$(el).animate({ opacity: 0 }, 1000, done)
},
leaveCancelled: function (el) {
$(el).stop()
}
})

18)渐进过渡

<div >
<input v-model="query">
<ul>
<li v-for="item in list | filterBy query" transition="staggered" stagger="100">
{{item.msg}}
</li>
</ul>
</div>

#example-1{
width:200px;
margin:20px auto;
font-size:14px;
color:#ff6600;
}
ul {
padding-left: 0;
font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
.staggered-transition {
transition: all .5s ease;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0;
height: 25px;
}
.bounceInLeft, .bounceOutRight {
opacity: 0;
height: 0;
}

var exampleData={
query: '',
list: [
{ msg: 'Bruce Lee' },
{ msg: 'Jackie Chan' },
{ msg: 'Chuck Norris' },
{ msg: 'Jet Li' },
{ msg: 'Kung Fury' }
]
};
var exampleVM = new Vue({
el:'#example-1',
data:exampleData,
transitions:{
staggered:{
enterClass:'bounceInLeft',
leaveClass: 'bounceOutRight'
}
}
});
/* exampleVM.transition('stagger', {
stagger: function (index) {
// 每个过渡项目增加 50ms 延时
// 但是最大延时限制为 300ms
return Math.min(300, index * 50)
}
})*/

19)组件

<div >
<my-component></my-component>
</div>

//定义
/*var myComponent=Vue.extend({
template:'<div>A custom component!</div>'
});*/
//注册
//Vue.component('my-component',myComponent);
//在一个步骤中定义与注册
Vue.component('my-component',{
template:'<div>A custom component!</div>'
});
//创建根实例
new Vue({
el:'#example'
});

20)组件局部注册

<div >
<parent-component></parent-component>
</div>

//定义
/*var Child=Vue.extend({
template:'<div>A child component!</div>'
});*/
var Parent=Vue.extend({
template:'<div>A parent component!<my-component></my-component></div>',
components:{
// <my-component> 只能用在父组件模板内
'my-component':{
template:'<div>A child component!</div>'
}
}
});
// 注册父组件
Vue.component('parent-component', Parent);
//创建根实例
new Vue({
el:'#example'
});

21)使用props传递数据

<div class="demo">
<input type="text" v-model="parentMessage"/><br>
<child v-bind:my-message="parentMessage"></child>
<child :msg.sync="parentMessage"></child>
<child :msg.once="parentMessage"></child>
</div>

.demo{
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 25px 35px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
font-size: 1.2em;
line-height: 1.5em;
}

new Vue({
el:'#example',
data:{
parentMessage:'Message from parent'
},
components:{
child:{
props:['myMessage'],
template:'<span>{{myMessage}}</span>'
}
}
});

22)prop验证

<div class="demo">
<child></child>
</div>

.demo{
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 25px 35px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
font-size: 1.2em;
line-height: 1.5em;
}

new Vue({
el:'#example',
components:{
child:{
props: {
// 基础类型检测（`null` 意思是任何类型都可以）
propA: Number,
// 多种类型 (1.0.21+)
propM: [String, Number],
// 必需且是字符串
propB: {
type: String,
required: true
},
// 数字，有默认值
propC: {
type: Number,
default: 100
},
// 对象/数组的默认值应当由一个函数返回
propD: {
type: Object,
default: function () {
return { msg: 'hello' }
}
},
// 指定这个 prop 为双向绑定
// 如果绑定类型不对将抛出一条警告
propE: {
twoWay: true
},
// 自定义验证函数
propF: {
validator: function (value) {
return value > 10
}
},
// 转换函数（1.0.12 新增）
// 在设置值之前转换值
propG: {
coerce: function (val) {
return val + ''; // 将值转换为字符串
}
},
propH: {
coerce: function (val) {
return JSON.parse(val); // 将 JSON 字符串转换为对象
}
}
},
template:'<span>hello world!</span>'
}
}
});

23)父子组件通信

<template >
<input type="text" v-model="msg"/>
<button type="button" v-on:click="notify">派发事件</button>
</template>
<div class="demo">
<p>Messages:{{ messages | json }}</p>
<child v-on:child-msg="handleIt"></child>
</div>

.demo{
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 25px 35px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
font-size: 1.2em;
line-height: 1.5em;
}

// 注册子组件,将当前消息派发出去
Vue.component('child',{
template:'#child-template',
data:function(){
return {msg:'hello'}
},
methods:{
notify:function(){
if(this.msg.trim()){
this.$dispatch('child-msg',this.msg);
this.msg='';
}
}
}
});
// 初始化父组件,收到消息时将事件推入一个数组
var parent=new Vue({
el:'#events-example',
data:{
messages:[]
},
methods:{
handleIt:function(msg){
this.messages.push(msg);
}
}
// 在创建实例时 `events` 选项简单地调用 `$on`
/*events:{
'child-msg':function(msg){
this.messages.push(msg);
}
}*/
})

24)自定义指令-基础

<div  v-demo:hello.a.b="msg"></div>

Vue.directive('demo', {
bind: function () {
console.log('demo bound!')
},
update: function (value) {
this.el.innerHTML =
'name - ' + this.name + '<br>' +
'expression - ' + this.expression + '<br>' +
'argument - ' + this.arg + '<br>' +
'modifiers - ' + JSON.stringify(this.modifiers) + '<br>' +
'value - ' + value
}
});
var demo = new Vue({
el: '#demo',
data: {
msg: 'hello!'
}
})

25)自定义指令-高级选项

<div >
<div v-demo-1="{ color: 'white', text: 'hello!' }"></div>
<div v-demo-2.literal="foo bar baz"></div>
<my-directive></my-directive>
<div v-example a="hi"></div>
</div>

Vue.directive('demo-1', function(value){
console.log(value.color);
console.log(value.text);
});
Vue.directive('demo-2',function(value){
console.log(value);
});
Vue.elementDirective('my-directive',{
bind:function(){
console.log(this.el);
}
});
Vue.directive('example',{
params:['a'],
bind:function(){
console.log(this.params.a);
}
});
Vue.directive('two', {
twoWay: true,
bind: function () {
this.handler = function () {
// 将数据写回 vm
// 如果指令这样绑定 v-example="a.b.c"
// 它将用给定值设置 `vm.a.b.c`
this.set(this.el.value)
}.bind(this);
this.el.addEventListener('input', this.handler);
},
unbind: function () {
this.el.removeEventListener('input', this.handler)
}
});
var vm=new Vue({
el: '#demo'
});

26)自定义过滤器

<div class="demo">
<span v-text="message | reverse"></span><br>
<span v-text="message | wrap 'before' 'after'"></span><br>
<input type="text" v-model="money | currencyDisplay"/>
<p>ModelValue:{{money | currencyDisplay}}</p>
<input v-model="userInput"/>
<span>{{msg | concat userInput}}</span>
</div>

.demo{
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 25px 35px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
font-size: 1.2em;
line-height: 1.5em;
}

Vue.filter('reverse',function(value){
return value.split('').reverse().join('');
});
Vue.filter('wrap',function(value,begin,end){
return begin+' '+value+' '+end;
});
Vue.filter('currencyDisplay',{
// model -> view
// 在更新 `<input>` 元素之前格式化值
read:function(val){
return '$'+val.toFixed(2)
},
// view -> model
// 在写回数据之前格式化值
write: function(val, oldVal) {
var number = +val.replace(/[^\d.]/g, '')
return isNaN(number) ? 0 : parseFloat(number.toFixed(2))
}
});
Vue.filter('concat',function(value,input){
return value+input;
})
new Vue({
el:'#demo',
data:{
message:'abc',
money:123.45,
msg:'hello',
userInput:'hi'
}
});

27)混合

<div class="demo">
</div>

.demo{
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 25px 35px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
font-size: 1.2em;
line-height: 1.5em;
}

var myMixin={
created:function(){
this.hello();
},
methods:{
hello:function(){
console.log('hello from mixin!');
}
}
};
// 定义一个组件，使用这个混合对象
var Component = Vue.extend({
mixins: [myMixin]
});
var component = new Component();
new Vue({
el:'#demo'
});

28)混合-选项合并

<div class="demo">
</div>

.demo{
border: 1px solid #eee;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 25px 35px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
font-size: 1.2em;
line-height: 1.5em;
}

var mixin={
created:function(){
console.log('mixin hook called');
},
methods: {
foo: function () {
console.log('foo');
},
conflicting: function () {
console.log('from mixin');
}
}
};
var vm=new Vue({
el:'#demo',
mixins:[mixin],
created:function(){
console.log('component hook called');
},
methods:{
bar: function () {
console.log('bar');
},
conflicting: function () {
console.log('from self');
}
}
});
vm.foo();
vm.bar();
vm.conflicting();//组件优先

上一篇 »Java面试大纲汇总2018，全!
下一篇 »Golang 入门系列，三Go语言基础知识汇总

Vue基础汇总实践

相关推荐

Lua语言基础汇总，7 -- 协同程序

［转］Lua语言基础汇总，7 -- 协同程序 - laihaiteng

vue-cli3 vue2 保留 webpack 支持 vite 成功实践

一个简单的 vue.js 实践教程

Vue问题汇总

4.Nginx基础命令汇总

vue3升级常见问题详细汇总

vue3升级常见问题详细汇总