python工作实战---对文本文件进行分析

目录：

• 查找以什么关键字结尾的文件
• 判断文件大小
• 使用python分析Apache的访问日志

判断目录下.py结尾的文件

[smcuser@smc-postman-script test]$ ll
total 4
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:13 1.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:13 2.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:13 3.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:13 4.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:13 5.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:14 a.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:14 b.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:14 c.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:14 d.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser   0 Jan 12 23:14 e.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 smcuser smcuser 116 Jan 12 23:35 test.py

#!/url/bin/evn python
#
#
import os

test = [item for item in os.listdir('.') if item.endswith('.py')]

print(test)
执行结果
[smcuser@smc-postman-script test]$ python test.py 
['a.py', 'b.py', 'c.py', 'd.py', 'e.py', 'test.py']

判断文件大小

#!/url/bin/evn python
#
#
import os
txt = [item for item in os.listdir('.') if item.endswith('.txt')]

sun_size = sum(os.path.getsize(os.path.join('/tmp/test',item)) for item in txt)

print(sun_size)

使用python分析Apache的访问日志

Apache日志示例
193.252.243.232 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.php HTTP/1.1” 200 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.232 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.html HTTP/1.1” 200 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.231 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.php HTTP/1.1” 200 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.230 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.php HTTP/1.1” 200 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.237 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.php HTTP/1.1” 200 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.237 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.php HTTP/1.1” 200 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.230 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.html HTTP/1.1” 400 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””
193.252.243.232 - - [29/Mar/2009:06:05:34+0200)” GET /index.php HTTP/1.1” 503 8714 ”-” ”Mozilla/5 . 0 (compatible ; PJBot/3 . 0 ; +http : //crawl . pagesjaunes . fr/robot )”””

跟进IP获取网站的PV和UV(PV是网站的访问请求数，UV是网站的独立访客数)

#!/bin/usr/evn python

ips = []
with open('access.log') as f:
    for line in f:
        ips.append(line.split()[0])

print("pv is {0}".format(len(ips)))
print("uv is {0}".format(len(set(ips))))

统计网站中最热的资源，counter是dict的子类，对于普通的计数功能，Counter比字典更好用
#!/usr/bin/env python

from collections import Counter

c = Counter()

with open('access.log') as f:
    for line in f:
        c[line.split()[5]] += 1

print(c.most_common(10))

统计用户体验，如果http code 为4xx 5xx则视为访问出错，统计出错比例
#!/url/bin/env python
#
d = {}
with open('access.log') as f:
    for line in f:
        key = line.split()[7]
        d.setdefault(key,0)
        d[key] += 1
print(d)
sum_requests = 0
error_requests = 0

for key,val in d.iteritems():
    if int(key) >= 400:
        error_requests += val
    sum_requests += val

print('error rate: {0:.2f}%'.format(error_requests * 100 / sum_requests))

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