Hibernate: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL

You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ...

Hibernate 出现这样的错误是因为表中的字段名使用了sql的保留字,不要使用保留字

一、mysql的保留字主要有:

ADDALLALTER
ANALYZEANDAS
ASCASENSITIVEBEFORE
BETWEENBIGINTBINARY
BLOBBOTHBY
CALLCASCADECASE
CHANGECHARCHARACTER
CHECKCOLLATECOLUMN
CONDITIONCONNECTIONCONSTRAINT
CONTINUECONVERTCREATE
CROSSCURRENT_DATECURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMPCURRENT_USERCURSOR
DATABASEDATABASESDAY_HOUR
DAY_MICROSECONDDAY_MINUTEDAY_SECOND
DECDECIMALDECLARE
DEFAULTDELAYEDDELETE
DESCDESCRIBEDETERMINISTIC
DISTINCTDISTINCTROWDIV
DOUBLEDROPDUAL
EACHELSEELSEIF
ENCLOSEDESCAPEDEXISTS
EXITEXPLAINFALSE
FETCHFLOATFLOAT4
FLOAT8FORFORCE
FOREIGNFROMFULLTEXT
GOTOGRANT

GROUP

HAVINGHIGH_PRIORITYHOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_MINUTEHOUR_SECONDIF
IGNOREININDEX
INFILEINNERINOUT
INSENSITIVEINSERTINT
INT1INT2INT3
INT4INT8INTEGER
INTERVALINTOIS
ITERATEJOINKEY
KEYSKILLLABEL
LEADINGLEAVELEFT
LIKELIMITLINEAR
LINESLOADLOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMPLOCKLONG
LONGBLOBLONGTEXTLOOP
LOW_PRIORITYMATCHMEDIUMBLOB
MEDIUMINTMEDIUMTEXTMIDDLEINT
MINUTE_MICROSECONDMINUTE_SECONDMOD
MODIFIESNATURALNOT
NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOGNULLNUMERIC
ONOPTIMIZEOPTION
OPTIONALLYORORDER
OUTOUTEROUTFILE
PRECISIONPRIMARYPROCEDURE
PURGERAID0RANGE
READREADSREAL
REFERENCESREGEXPRELEASE
RENAMEREPEATREPLACE
REQUIRERESTRICTRETURN
REVOKERIGHTRLIKE
SCHEMASCHEMASSECOND_MICROSECOND
SELECTSENSITIVESEPARATOR
SETSHOWSMALLINT
SPATIALSPECIFICSQL
SQLEXCEPTIONSQLSTATESQLWARNING
SQL_BIG_RESULTSQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWSSQL_SMALL_RESULT
SSLSTARTINGSTRAIGHT_JOIN
TABLETERMINATEDTHEN
TINYBLOBTINYINTTINYTEXT
TOTRAILINGTRIGGER
TRUEUNDOUNION
UNIQUEUNLOCKUNSIGNED
UPDATEUSAGEUSE
USINGUTC_DATEUTC_TIME
UTC_TIMESTAMPVALUESVARBINARY
VARCHARVARCHARACTERVARYING
WHENWHEREWHILE
WITHWRITEX509
XORYEAR_MONTHZEROFILL

二、MySQL中字段名和保留字冲突的解决

只需要用撇号(`)把字段名括起来,这样在select、insert、update、delete等语句中都不会出现语法错误

代码如下:

select col from table1;

这句sql没有问题,当把col换成range

代码如下:

select range from table1;

这句sql有问题

当字段名与MySQL保留字冲突时,可以用撇号字符“`”(TAB键上面那个,也就是数字1键前面那个键上的)将字段名括起来:

代码如下:

select `range` from table;

三、SQLserver中字段名和保留字冲突的解决

只需要用[]把字段名括起来,这样在select、insert、update、delete等语句中都不会出现语法错误

四、Oracle中字段名和保留字冲突的解决

(1)官方文档说明:

Reserved words and keywordsare identifiers that have special meaning in PL/SQL.

You cannot use reserved words as ordinary user-defined identifiers. You can use them as quoted user-defined identifiers, but it is not recommended. For more information, see"QuotedUser-Defined Identifiers".

You can use keywords as ordinary user-defined identifiers,but it is not recommended.

译文:

保留字和keywordsare标识符,在PL / SQL的特殊意义。

不能使用保留字作为普通用户定义标识符。您可以使用它们作为引用的用户定义标识符,但不推荐使用。更多信息,见“quoteduser定义标识符”。

您可以使用关键字作为普通用户定义的标识符,但不推荐使用。

(2)不能直接使用保留字作为用户定义的变量,但加上双引号就使用。

如:

create tale int(

id varchar(10),

name varchar(10),

primary key id);

出现错误,int是关键字

create table "int"(

id varchar(10),

name varchar(10),

primary key id);

这样就正确

(3)保留字和关键字

保留字:

Begins with:Reserved Words

A

ALL, ALTER, AND, ANY, AS, ASC, AT

B

BEGIN, BETWEEN, BY

C

CASE, CHECK, CLUSTERS, CLUSTER, COLAUTH, COLUMNS, COMPRESS, CONNECT, CRASH, CREATE, CURSOR

D

DECLARE, DEFAULT, DESC, DISTINCT, DROP

E

ELSE, END, EXCEPTION, EXCLUSIVE

F

FETCH, FOR, FROM, FUNCTION

G

GOTO, GRANT, GROUP

H

HAVING

I

IDENTIFIED, IF, IN, INDEX, INDEXES, INSERT, INTERSECT, INTO, IS

L

LIKE, LOCK

M

MINUS, MODE

N

NOCOMPRESS, NOT, NOWAIT, NULL

O

OF, ON, OPTION, OR, ORDER, OVERLAPS

P

PROCEDURE, PUBLIC

R

RESOURCE, REVOKE

S

SELECT, SHARE, SIZE, SQL, START, SUBTYPE

T

TABAUTH, TABLE, THEN, TO, TYPE

U

UNION, UNIQUE, UPDATE

V

VALUES, VIEW, VIEWS

W

WHEN, WHERE, WITH

关键字:

Begins with:Keywords

A

A, ADD, AGENT, AGGREGATE, ARRAY, ATTRIBUTE, AUTHID, AVG

B

BFILE_BASE, BINARY, BLOB_BASE, BLOCK, BODY, BOTH, BOUND, BULK, BYTE

C

C, CALL, CALLING, CASCADE, CHAR, CHAR_BASE, CHARACTER, CHARSET, CHARSETFORM, CHARSETID, CLOB_BASE, CLOSE, COLLECT, COMMENT, COMMIT, COMMITTED, COMPILED, CONSTANT, CONSTRUCTOR, CONTEXT, CONTINUE, CONVERT, COUNT, CURRENT, CUSTOMDATUM

D

DANGLING, DATA, DATE, DATE_BASE, DAY, DEFINE, DELETE, DETERMINISTIC, DOUBLE, DURATION

E

ELEMENT, ELSIF, EMPTY, ESCAPE, EXCEPT, EXCEPTIONS, EXECUTE, EXISTS, EXIT, EXTERNAL

F

FINAL, FIXED, FLOAT, FORALL, FORCE

G

GENERAL

H

HASH, HEAP, HIDDEN, HOUR

I

IMMEDIATE, INCLUDING, INDICATOR, INDICES, INFINITE, INSTANTIABLE, INT, INTERFACE, INTERVAL, INVALIDATE, ISOLATION

J

Java

L

LANGUAGE, LARGE, LEADING, LENGTH, LEVEL, LIBRARY, LIKE2, LIKE4, LIKEC, LIMIT, LIMITED, LOCAL, LONG, LOOP

M

MAP, MAX, MAXLEN, MEMBER, MERGE, MIN, MINUTE, MOD, MODIFY, MONTH, MULTISET

N

NAME, NAN, NATIONAL, NATIVE, NCHAR, NEW, NOCOPY, NUMBER_BASE

O

OBJECT, OCICOLL, OCIDATE, OCIDATETIME, OCIDURATION, OCIINTERVAL, OCILOBLOCATOR, OCINUMBER, OCIRAW, OCIREF, OCIREFCURSOR, OCIROWID, OCISTRING, OCITYPE, OLD, ONLY, OPAQUE, OPEN, OPERATOR, Oracle, ORADATA, ORGANIZATION, ORLANY, ORLVARY, OTHERS, OUT, OVERRIDING

P

PACKAGE, PARALLEL_ENABLE, PARAMETER, PARAMETERS, PARENT, PARTITION, PASCAL, PIPE, PIPELINED, PRAGMA, PRECISION, PRIOR, PRIVATE

R

RAISE, RANGE, RAW, READ, RECORD, REF, REFERENCE, RELIES_ON, REM, REMAINDER, RENAME, RESULT, RESULT_CACHE, RETURN, RETURNING, REVERSE, ROLLBACK, ROW

S

SAMPLE, SAVE, SAVEPOINT, SB1, SB2, SB4, SECOND, SEGMENT, SELF, SEPARATE, SEQUENCE, SERIALIZABLE, SET, SHORT, SIZE_T, SOME, SPARSE, SQLCODE, SQLDATA, SQLNAME, SQLSTATE, STANDARD, STATIC, STDDEV, STORED, STRING, STRUCT, STYLE, SUBMULTISET, SUBPARTITION, SUBSTITUTABLE, SUM, SYNONYM

T

TDO, THE, TIME, TIMESTAMP, TIMEZONE_ABBR, TIMEZONE_HOUR, TIMEZONE_MINUTE, TIMEZONE_REGION, TRAILING, TRANSACTION, TRANSACTIONAL, TRUSTED

U

UB1, UB2, UB4, UNDER, UNSIGNED, UNTRUSTED, USE, USING

V

VALIST, VALUE, VARIABLE, VARIANCE, VARRAY, VARYING, VOID

W

WHILE, WORK, WRAPPED, WRITE

Y

YEAR

Z

ZONE