macOS Big Sur安装TensorFlow踩坑记

一，还是设置代理：

export http_proxy=http://192.168.31.168:1190

export https_proxy=http://192.168.31.168:1190

二、通过下面的命令安装 pip 和 Virtualenv：

$ sudo easy_install pip

$ pip install --upgrade virtualenv

装完提示：

WARNING: The script virtualenv is installed in '/Users/meetrice/Library/Python/2.7/bin' which is not on PATH.

Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.

根据提示加入环境变量吧

export PATH="$PATH:/Users/meetrice/Library/Python/2.7/bin"

三、执行下面的命令来创建 Virtualenv 环境

创建 Python 2.7的环境：

virtualenv --system-site-packages targetDirectory

执行结果：

created virtual environment CPython2.7.16.final.0-64 in 2136ms

creator CPython2macOsFramework(dest=/Users/meetrice/targetDirectory, clear=False, no_vcs_ignore=False, global=True)

seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, wheel=bundle, setuptools=bundle, via=copy, app_data_dir=/Users/meetrice/Library/

Application Support/virtualenv)

added seed packages: pip==20.3.1, setuptools==44.1.1, wheel==0.36.1

activators PythonActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,PowerShellActivator,BashActivator

这表示创建成功!

创建 Python 3.n 的环境：

virtualenv --system-site-packages -p python3

执行结果出现异常 ：

RuntimeError: failed to find interpreter for Builtin discover of python_spec='python3'

于是单独执行python3命令：

python3

出现提示

You have not agreed to the Xcode license agreements. You must agree to both license agreements below in order to use Xcode.

Hit the Return key to view the license agreements at '/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Resources/English.lproj/License.rtf'

根据提示 输入 回车，此时会显示授权协议

不断的按 空格键 直到结尾，出现

By typing 'agree' you are agreeing to the terms of the software license agreements. Type 'print' to print them or anything else t

o cancel, [agree, print, cancel]

输入 "agree"回车

这此python3就已经可以正常使用

再一次安装python 3的虚拟环境

virtualenv --system-site-packages -p python3 targetDirectory

执行后：

created virtual environment CPython3.8.2.final.0-64 in 2232ms

creator CPython3macOsFramework(dest=/Users/meetrice/targetDirectory, clear=False, no_vcs_ignore=False, global=True)

seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, wheel=bundle, setuptools=bundle, via=copy, app_data_dir=/Users/meetrice/Library/

Application Support/virtualenv)

added seed packages: pip==20.3.1, setuptools==51.0.0, wheel==0.36.1

activators PythonActivator,FishActivator,XonshActivator,CShellActivator,PowerShellActivator,BashActivator

成功！

四、激活 Virtualenv 环境

cd targetDirectory

source ./bin/activate

(targetDirectory)$ easy_install -U pip

(targetDirectory)$ pip install --upgrade tensorflow # 对应 Python 2.7

(targetDirectory)$ pip3 install --upgrade tensorflow # 对应 Python 3.n

五，验证tensorFlow,运行HelloWorld

在虚拟环境中的当前目录，创建helloworld.py

(targetDirectory) meetrice@mbp targetDirectory % nano helloworld.py

在编辑界面输入以下内容：

import tensorflow as tf
msg = tf.constant('Hello, TensorFlow!')
tf.print(msg)

然后ctrl+x Y，回车保存

然后执行

python helloworld.py

出现结果：

2020-12-27 14:34:26.911207: I tensorflow/compiler/jit/xla_cpu_device.cc:41] Not creating XLA devices, tf_xla_enable_xla_devices n

ot set

2020-12-27 14:34:26.918930: I tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:142] This TensorFlow binary is optimized with oneAPI

Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN) to use the following CPU instructions in performance-critical operations: AVX2 FMA

To enable them in other operations, rebuild TensorFlow with the appropriate compiler flags.

Hello, TensorFlow!

HelloWorld 成功！

退出虚拟环境： deactivate

创建虚拟环境： virtualenv --no-site-packages --python=3.6 env #注释： --no-site-packages 不包括系统包 --python=3.6版本 env 虚拟环境名称

激活虚拟环境：source test_env01/bin/activate(activate路径)