Objective—C中的排序及Compare陷阱

campare陷阱

NSString有多个compare相关方法:

- (NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSString *)string;

- (NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSString *)string options:(NSStringCompareOptions)mask;

- (NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSString *)string options:(NSStringCompareOptions)mask range:(NSRange)compareRange;

- (NSComparisonResult)compare:(NSString *)string options:(NSStringCompareOptions)mask range:(NSRange)compareRange locale:(id)locale;

NSComparisonResult 是定义的一个枚举,定义例如以下:

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, NSComparisonResult) {NSOrderedAscending = -1L, NSOrderedSame, NSOrderedDescending};

当中,NSOrderedSame 表示比較的两个字符串全然一致, 同一时候。在这个枚举中。它的值是 0.

字符串比較在程序中非经常见。比方:

if ([str1 compare:@"some text"] == NSOrderedSame) {

// TODO

}

else {

// TODO

}

可是,假设如上中的str1为nil。依据Objective-C的消息调用规则(方法调用),对nil发送的不论什么消息,得到的返回都是nil。这种情况下,执行时是不会像C/C++那样,出现空指针的非法訪问而使得程序强行终止。

也就是说。在Objective-C以下,即便str1为nil,也不会造成程序崩溃。而是会继续执行。

那么当str1为空的时候,[str1 compare:@"some text"] 消息的返回就会为nil。

nil表示一个空的Objective-C对象,实际就是表示一个空指针,而它代表的值就是0,与NSOrderedSame的值相等. 如此,回到最前面的if语句,假设str1为nil。那么整个语句的值为真。这会给程序造成非常严重的问题,小则逻辑错误,UI显示错误等,大则会造成数据泄漏等等。。。

所以。一旦出现这样的情况。还是非常严重的。

笔者个人建议。以上代码至少应该写为:

if (str1!=nil && [str1 compare:@"some text"] == NSOrderedSame) {

// TODO

}

else {

// TODO

}

OC排序代码,直接上代码

//数字排序

- (void)sortNumber{

NSArray *originalArray = @[@"8",@"41",@"32",@"11",@"-1"];

//block比較方法。数组中能够是NSInteger,CGFloat等(须要转换)

NSComparator finderSort = ^(id string1,id string2){

if ([string1 integerValue] > [string2integerValue]) {

return (NSComparisonResult)NSOrderedDescending;

}else if ([string1integerValue] < [string2integerValue]){

return (NSComparisonResult)NSOrderedAscending;

}

else

return (NSComparisonResult)NSOrderedSame;

};

NSArray *resultArray = [originalArray sortedArrayUsingComparator:finderSort];

NSLog(@"排序结果:%@",resultArray);

}

//字符串排序

- (void)sortString{

// 2. 非数字型字符串(注意用compare比較要剔除空数据(nil))

NSArray *charArray =@[@"string 1",@"String 21",@"string 12",@"String 11",@"String 02"];

NSStringCompareOptions comparisonOptions =NSCaseInsensitiveSearch|NSNumericSearch|

NSWidthInsensitiveSearch|NSForcedOrderingSearch;

NSComparator sort = ^(NSString *obj1,NSString *obj2){

NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0,obj1.length);

return [obj1 compare:obj2options:comparisonOptionsrange:range];

};

NSArray *resultArray2 = [charArray sortedArrayUsingComparator:sort];

NSLog(@"字符串排序%@",resultArray2);

}

//字典排序

- (void)sortDicrionary{

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:

@{@"obj0":@"0"},

@{@"obj3":@"3"},

@{@"obj1":@"1"},

@{@"obj2":@"2"},

@{@"obj4":@"4"},

nil];

NSArray *resultArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1,id obj2) {

NSNumber *number1 = [[obj1 allKeys] objectAtIndex:0];

NSNumber *number2 = [[obj2 allKeys] objectAtIndex:0];

NSComparisonResult result = [number1compare:number2];

//return result == NSOrderedAscending; //降序

return result == NSOrderedDescending;//升序

}];

NSLog(@"OrderedDescending:%@", resultArray);

}

//自己定义对象排序

- (void)sortCustomObject{

SLPerson *person1 = [[SLPersonalloc]init];

[person1 setName:@"ABCD"];

[person1 setAge:24];

SLPerson *person2 = [[SLPersonalloc]init];

[person2 setName:@"ACBD"];

[person2 setAge:22];

SLPerson *person3 = [[SLPersonalloc]init];

[person3 setName:@"ABDC"];

[person3 setAge:33];

SLPerson *person4 = [[SLPersonalloc]init];

[person4 setName:@"ACDB"];

[person4 setAge:22];

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArrayarrayWithObjects:person1, person3, person4, person2,nil];

NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor1 = [NSSortDescriptorsortDescriptorWithKey:@"age"ascending:YES]; //先依照age排序,

NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor2 = [NSSortDescriptorsortDescriptorWithKey:@"name"ascending:YES]; //假设age同样,依照name排序,以此类推

NSArray *tempArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:sortDescriptor1, sortDescriptor2, nil]];

for(NSInteger i =0; i < [tempArraycount]; i++){

NSLog(@"%@--------%d\n", [[tempArrayobjectAtIndex:i]name], [[tempArrayobjectAtIndex:i]age]);

}

}

代码链接:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u011883764/7827311