利用Nginx搭建http和rtmp协议的流媒体服务器[转]

2023-11-09 00:31•linux•阅读 811

利用nginx搭建http和rtmp协议的流媒体服务器

实验目的:让Nginx支持flv和mp4格式文件，同时支持Rtmp协议；同时打开rtmp的hls功能

资料:

HTTPLive Streaming（缩写是HLS）是一个由苹果公司提出的基于HTTP的流媒体网络传输协议。

HLS只请求基本的HTTP报文，与实时传输协议（RTP)不同，HLS可以穿过任何允许HTTP数据通过的防火墙或者代理服务器。它也很容易使用内容分发网络来传输媒体流。

使用ffmpeg来完成对flv、mp4、mp3等格式的转化（点播实验暂时不测试）

一、准备工作

模块:nginx_mod_h264_streaming(支持h264编码的视频)

模块:http_flv_module支持flv

模块:http_mp4_module支持mp4

下载地址:

http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz

http://nginx.org

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

1、安装依赖包:

#yum-y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-develexpat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64

2、安装git工具:

#mkdirsoft-source

#cdsoft-source

#wgethttp://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz

#tarxzvf git-latest.tar.gz

#cdgit-2013-02-04

#autoconf

#./configure

#make&& make install

# git--version

gitversion 1.8.1.GIT

#cd ..

3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：

++++++++Yasm+++++++++++

#wgethttp://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

#tarxzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

#cdyasm-1.2.0

#./configure

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++x264+++++++++++

#gitclone git://git.videolan.org/x264

#cdx264

#./configure--enable-shared

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++LAME+++++++++++

#wgethttp://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

#tarxzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

#cdlame-3.99.5

#./configure--enable-nasm

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++libogg+++++++++++

#wgethttp://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz

#tarxzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz

#cdlibogg-1.3.0

#./configure

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++

#wgethttp://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz

#tarxzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz

#cdlibvorbis-1.3.3

#./configure

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++libvpx+++++++++++

#gitclone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git

#cdlibvpx

#./configure --enable-shared

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++

#wgethttp://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz

#tarzxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz

#cdfaad2-2.7

#./configure

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

++++++++FAAC+++++++++++

#wgethttp://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz

#tarzxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz

#cdfaac-1.28

#./configure

#make

#makeinstall

#cd ..

编译FAAC-1.28时遇到错误：

mpeg4ip.h:126:error:new declaration ‘char*strcasestr(const char*, const char*)’

解决方法：

从123行开始修改此文件mpeg4ip.h，到129行结束。

修改前：

#ifdef __cplusplus

extern "C" {

#endif

char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);

#ifdef __cplusplus

}

#endif

修改后：

#ifdef __cplusplus

extern "C++" {

#endif

constchar *strcasestr(const char*haystack, const char *needle);

#ifdef __cplusplus

}

#endif

++++++++Xvid+++++++++++

#wgethttp://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz

#tarzxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz

#cdxvidcore/build/generic

#./configure

#make

#makeinstall

cd ..

#gitclone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg

#cdffmpeg

#./configure --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3 --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac--enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid--enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads

#make&& make install

#cd ..

修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:

includeld.so.conf.d/*.conf

/lib

/lib64

/usr/lib

/usr/lib64

/usr/local/lib

/usr/local/lib64

/opt/ffmpeg/lib

#ldconfig

由于暂时没有找到合适版本rtmpmodel ,所以,这里只是做了flv和MP4的，红色部分暂时不用添加

二、安装Nginx相关模块

#tarzxvf nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz

#gitclone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git

#tarzxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz

#cdpcre-8.12

#./configure

#make&& make install

#tarzxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz

#cdnginx-1.2.6

#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=../nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7--with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_mp4_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module--add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/hls --with-cc-opt=-I/opt/ffmpeg/include--with-ld-opt='-L/opt/ffmpeg/lib -Wl,-rpath=/opt/ffmpeg/lib'

#make&& make install

三、修改nginx主配置文件,配置虚拟主机(这里我们暂时只配置和测试点播，直播请看借鉴地址):

user nobody nobody;

worker_processes4;

error_log logs/nginx_error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 50m ;

limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:256k;

limit_conn_log_level notice;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 6000;#测试并发临时调大

tcp_nodelay on;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plainapplication/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#log format

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

#支持flv

server

{

listen 80 ;

server_name 192.168.0.33;

root index.html

limit_rate_after5m;

limit_rate512k;

location ~ \.flv$ {

root /media/nginx; -视频存放地点

flv;

}

location ~ \.mp4$ {

root /media/nginx;

flv;

}

access_log logs/nginxflv_access.log main;

}

下载并安装yamdi

[root@flv ~]# wgethttp://cdnetworks-kr-2.dl.sourceforge.net/ \

>project/yamdi/yamdi/1.8/yamdi-1.8.tar.gz

[root@flv ~]# tar -zxvf yamdi-1.8.tar.gz

yamdi-1.8

yamdi-1.8/CHANGES

yamdi-1.8/LICENSE

yamdi-1.8/Makefile

yamdi-1.8/Makefile.mingw32

yamdi-1.8/README

yamdi-1.8/man1

yamdi-1.8/yamdi.c

yamdi-1.8/man1/yamdi.1

[root@ flv ~]# cd yamdi-1.8

[root@ flv yamdi-1.8]# make

gcc -O2 -Wall yamdi.c -o yamdi

[root@ flv yamdi-1.8]# make install

install -m 0755 -o root yamdi/usr/local/bin

使用yamdi

这里我们准备个文件，以便后面使用：

[root@flv html]# yamdi -i 62664.flv -o 7345.flv

简单的说一下，-i表示输入文件，在这里输入文件为62664.flv，即它是没有添加过关键帧的文件；-o表示输出文件，在这里是7345.flv，它是添加过关键帧的，在对这两文件的访问中会发现，播放62664.flv是不能实现拖动操作的，而7345.flv则可以。

下载并设置JW player

JW player是一个开源的FLV播放器，它现在也支持MP4。

[root@flv ~]# wget http://www.longtailvideo.com/jw/upload/mediaplayer-viral.zip

[root@flv ~]# unzip mediaplayer-viral.zip

Archive: mediaplayer-viral.zip

creating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/JW Player Quick Start Guide.pdf

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/jwplayer.js

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/license.txt

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/player.swf

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/preview.jpg

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/readme.html

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/swfobject.js

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/video.mp4

注意点

注意在解压包中，player.swf和jwplayer.js是我们需要的文件，将其拷贝到Nginx的web目录下：

[root@flv ~]#cd mediaplayer-5.7-viral/

[root@mail mediaplayer-5.7-viral]# cp jwplayer.js player.swf /usr/local/nginx-1.0.2-flv/html/

到现在为止，FLV服务器已经架设完毕。

我们访问测试一下看：

访问方法：

http://flv.xx.com/player.swf?type=http&file=7345.flv

↑访问协议 ↑FLV服务器地址 ↑播放器名称↑http分发方式↑访问的文件名

---------------------------------------------------------

实验目的:让Nginx支持flv和mp4格式文件，同时支持Rtmp协议；同时打开rtmp的hls功能

资料:

HTTP Live Streaming（缩写是 HLS）是一个由苹果公司提出的基于HTTP的流媒体网络传输协议。

使用ffmpeg来完成对flv、mp4、mp3等格式的转化（点播实验暂时不测试）

一、准备工作

模块:nginx_mod_h264_streaming(支持h264编码的视频)

模块:http_flv_module 支持flv

模块:http_mp4_module 支持mp4

下载地址:

http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz

http://nginx.org

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

1、安装依赖包:

#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64

2、安装git工具:

#mkdir soft-source

#cd soft-source

#wget http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz

#tar xzvf git-latest.tar.gz

#cd git-2013-02-04

#autoconf

#./configure

#make && make install

# git --version

git version 1.8.1.GIT

#cd ..

3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：

++++++++Yasm+++++++++++

#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

#cd yasm-1.2.0

#./configure

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++x264+++++++++++

#git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264

#cd x264

#./configure --enable-shared

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++LAME+++++++++++

#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

#cd lame-3.99.5

#./configure --enable-nasm

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++libogg+++++++++++

#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz

#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz

#cd libogg-1.3.0

#./configure

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++

#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz

#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz

#cd libvorbis-1.3.3

#./configure

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++libvpx+++++++++++

#git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git

#cd libvpx

#./configure --enable-shared

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++

#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz

#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz

#cd faad2-2.7

#./configure

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++FAAC+++++++++++

#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz

#tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz

#cd faac-1.28

#./configure

#make

#make install

#cd ..

++++++++Xvid+++++++++++

#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz

#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz

#cd xvidcore/build/generic

#./configure

#make

#make install

cd ..

#git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg

#cd ffmpeg

#./configure --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3 --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads

#make && make install

#cd ..

修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:

include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf

/lib

/lib64

/usr/lib

/usr/lib64

/usr/local/lib

/usr/local/lib64

/opt/ffmpeg/lib

#ldconfig

二、安装Nginx相关模块

#tar zxvf nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz

#git clone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git

#tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz

#cd pcre-8.12

#./configure

#make && make install

#tar zxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz

#cd nginx-1.2.6

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=../nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7 --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_mp4_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/hls --with-cc-opt=-I/opt/ffmpeg/include --with-ld-opt='-L/opt/ffmpeg/lib -Wl,-rpath=/opt/ffmpeg/lib'

#make && make install

三、修改nginx主配置文件,配置虚拟主机(这里我们暂时只配置和测试点播，直播请看借鉴地址):

user nobody nobody;

worker_processes 4;

error_log logs/nginx_error.log info;

pid logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;

}

#rtmp_auto_push on;

rtmp {

server {

listen 1935;

application vod {

play /opt/media/nginxrtmp/flv;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 50m ;

limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:256k;

limit_conn_log_level notice;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 6000;#测试并发临时调大

tcp_nodelay on;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#log format

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

#支持flv

server

{

listen 8081;

server_name 192.168.0.33;

root /opt/pub/media/nginx; #http协议时候，flv视频位置

location ~ .*.(flv|swf|mp4|wma|wmv)$ {

valid_referers none blocked *.xxxx.com http://localhost;

if ($invalid_referer) {

return 403;

}

location ~ \.flv$ {

flv;

limit_conn one 20;#限制客户端并发连接数

limit_rate 200k;#限制每客户端最大带宽

}

location ~ \.mp4$ {

flv;

limit_conn one 20;

limit_rate 200k;

}

access_log logs/nginxflv_access.log main;

}

server

{

listen 8082;

server_name 192.168.0.33;

index index.html;

location / {

root /opt/pub/media/nginx-rtmp;

}

access_log logs/nginxrtmpflv_access.log main;

}

server {

listen 8080;

location /stat {

rtmp_stat all;

rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;

}

location /stat.xsl {

root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module;

}

location / {

root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module/test/rtmp-publisher;

}

http://192.168.0.33:8080/stats 查看rtmp客户请求信息

http://192.168.0.33:8081/index.html 查看nginx http协议时候的flv视频

http://192.168.0.33:8082/index.html 查看nginx rtmp协议时候的flv视频

四、基本功能测试:

播放器采用开源播放器jwplayer，将播放器放到index.html同级目录下

NGINX-Http测试页面index.html(切记http的时候需要给视频添加关键帧)

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<head>

<title>test of nginx-http</title>

</head>

<body>

<div />

</object>

</body>

</html>

页面能打开正常播放就说明配置是正确的。

五、并发测试

NGINX-HTTP采用loadrunner测试（略）

NGINX-RTMP采用开源软件flazr测试:

前提需要安装jdk软件

client.bat rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod/2.flv -load 500

这里的500是并发数

由于局域网的限制，带宽测试到一定大小的时候就上不去了，故此步截图不忽略。

借鉴地址:

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/wiki/Examples

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_438308750100ez27.html

http://space.itpub.net/27043155/viewspace-735288

http://riches.blog.51cto.com/1167414/649598

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

http://www.yeeach.com

利用Nginx搭建http和rtmp协议的流媒体服务器[转]

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