HBase常用的JAVA API操作

为了方便以后查看，总结了一些常用的java操作hbase的代码：

package com.mcq;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.describedAs;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.nullValue;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PushbackInputStream;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellScannable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

public class TestHbase {
        private static Admin admin = null;
        private static Connection connection = null;
        private static Configuration conf = null;
        static {
                // HBase配置文件
                conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
                conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.1.103");
                // 获取连接对象
                try {
                        connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
                        // 获取HBase管理员对象
                        admin = connection.getAdmin();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }
        }

        private static void close(Connection conn, Admin admin) throws IOException {
                if (conn != null) {
                        conn.close();
                }
                if (admin != null) {
                        admin.close();
                }
        }

        // 判断表是否存在
        public static boolean tableExist(String tableName) throws IOException {
                boolean tableExists = admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                return tableExists;
        }

        // 创建表
        public static void createTable(String tableName, String... cfs) throws IOException {
                if (tableExist(tableName)) {
                        System.out.println("表已存在");
                        return;
                }
                // cfs是列族，官方建议一个表一个，但可以有多个
                // 创建表描述器
                HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                for (String cf : cfs) {
                        // 创建列描述器
                        HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(cf);
//                      hColumnDescriptor.setMaxVersions(3);//设置版本数
                        hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
                }
                // 创建表操作
                admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
        }

        // 删除表
        public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
                if (!tableExist(tableName)) {
                        System.out.println("表不存在");
                        return;
                }
                // 使表不可用（下线）
                admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                // 执行删除操作
                admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                System.out.println("表已删除");
        }

        // 增、改
        public static void putData(String tableName, String rowKey, String cf, String cn, String value) throws IOException {
                // 获取表对象
//              HTable table=new HTable(conf,TableName.valueOf(tableName)); 已过时
                Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                // 创建put对象
                Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
                // 添加数据
                put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(cf), Bytes.toBytes(cn), Bytes.toBytes(value));
                // 执行添加操作
                table.put(put);
        }

        // 删
        public static void delete(String tableName, String rowKey, String cf, String cn) throws IOException {
                // 获取table对象
                Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                // 创建delete对象
                Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));// 删除整个列族
                delete.addColumns(Bytes.toBytes(cf), Bytes.toBytes(cn));// 删除所有版本
//              delete.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(cf), Bytes.toBytes(cn));不推荐，只删除最新的版本
                // 执行删除操作
                table.delete(delete);
                table.close();
        }

        // 查——全表扫描，只能获取最新版本
        public static void scanTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
                // 获取table对象
                Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                // 构建扫描器
                Scan scan = new Scan();
                ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);

                // 遍历数据并打印
                for (Result result : resultScanner) { // rowkey
                        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
                        for (Cell cell : cells) { // cell
                                System.out.println("RK:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + ",CF:"
                                                + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + ",CN:"
                                                + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + ",VALUE:"
                                                + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
                        }
                }
                table.close();
        }

        // 查——获取指定列族
        public static void getData(String tableName, String rowKey, String cf, String cn) throws IOException {
                Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
                Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
                get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(cf), Bytes.toBytes(cn));
//              get.addFamily(cf);
//              get.setMaxVersions();//不传参默认是表结构内的maxversions
                get.setMaxVersions(2);
                Result result = table.get(get);
                Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
                for (Cell cell : cells) { // cell
                        System.out.println("RK:" + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + ",CF:"
                                        + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + ",CN:"
                                        + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + ",VALUE:"
                                        + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
                }
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
                // 判断表是否存在
//              System.out.println(tableExist("student"));
//              System.out.println(tableExist("staff"));

                // 创建表
//              createTable("staff", "info");
//              System.out.println(tableExist("staff"));

                // 删除表
//              deleteTable("staff");

                // 增、改
//              putData("student", "1001", "info", "name", "mcq");

                // 删
//              delete("student", "1001", "info", "name");

                // 查——全表扫描
//              scanTable("student");

                //查——获取指定列族
                getData("student", "1001","info","name");
                
                // 关闭资源
                close(connection, admin);
        }
}