nginx rewrite 伪静态配置参数和使用例子 附正则使用说明
正则表达式匹配,其中:
* ~ 为区分大小写匹配
* ~* 为不区分大小写匹配
* !~和!~*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配
文件及目录匹配,其中:
* -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件
* -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录
* -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录
* -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行
flag标记有:
* last 相当于Apache里的[L]标记,表示完成rewrite
* break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则
* redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
* permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
一些可用的全局变量有,可以用做条件判断(待补全)
$args
$content_length
$content_type
$document_root
$document_uri
$host
$http_user_agent
$http_cookie
$limit_rate
$request_body_file
$request_method
$remote_addr
$remote_port
$remote_user
$request_filename
$request_uri
$query_string
$scheme
$server_protocol
$server_addr
$server_name
$server_port
$uri
结合QeePHP的例子
01 | if (!-d $request_filename) { |
02 | rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last; |
03 | rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last; |
06 | abc.domian.com/ sort /2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act= sort &name=abc& id =2 |
07 | if ($host ~* (.*)\.domain\.com) { |
09 | rewrite ^/ sort \/(\d+)\/?$ /index.php?act= sort &cfunctions">id =$1 last; |
12 | /123456/xxxx -> /xxxx? id =123456 |
13 | rewrite ^/(\d+)/(.+)/ /$2? id =$1 last; |
15 | if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) { |
16 | rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break ; |
19 | if (-d $request_filename){ |
20 | rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent; |
27 | location ~ ^/( cron |templates)/ { |
38 | location /searchword/ cron / { |
42 | location ~ /data/sql/data.sql { |
47 | location ~(favicon.ico) { |
53 | location ~(robots.txt) { |
59 | location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js { |
61 | root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web; |
70 | location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ { |
71 | valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194; |
78 | root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web; |
只充许固定ip访问网站,并加上密码
root /opt/htdocs/www;
allow 208.97.167.194;
allow 222.33.1.2;
allow 231.152.49.4;
deny all;
auth_basic "C1G_ADMIN";
auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;
将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件,增强seo效果
/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html
rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;
将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录
如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/
如果你将last改成permanent,那么浏览器地址栏显是 /location/shanghai/
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
这样/shanghai 也可以访问了,但页面中的相对链接无法使用,
如./list_1.html真实地址是/area /shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。
那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯
(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录,而我的rewrite不是的,所以没有效果
if (-d $request_filename){
rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
}
知道原因后就好办了,让我手动跳转吧
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;
rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;
002 | if (!-e $request_filename) { |
009 | server_name jump.31diy.com; |
010 | index index.html index.htm index.php; |
011 | root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www; |
017 | index index.html index.htm index.php; |
018 | root /opt/lampp/htdocs; |
019 | if ($host ~ "31diy\.net" ) { |
023 | if ($http_host ~* "^(.*)\.i\.31diy\.com$" ) { |
024 | rewrite ^(.*) http:// top .yingjiesheng.com$1/; |
031 | server_name mirror.31diy.com; |
032 | index index.html index.htm index.php; |
033 | root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www; |
038 | location ^~ /zhaopinhui { |
044 | rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)\.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last; |
045 | rewrite ^/(space|network)\.html$ /$1.php last; |
046 | rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last; |
048 | rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last; |
049 | rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last; |
050 | rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page\%3D$4&page=$3 last; |
051 | rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last; |
052 | rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last; |
053 | rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last; |
056 | server_name bbs.31diy.com news.31diy.com; |
059 | if ($http_host ~ news\.31diy.com$) { |
065 | location ^~ /ucenter { |
069 | fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; |
070 | fastcgi_index index.php; |
074 | location /ucenter/data/avatar { |
077 | location ~ /(.*)_big\.jpg$ { |
078 | error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif; |
080 | location ~ /(.*)_middle\.jpg$ { |
081 | error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif; |
083 | location ~ /(.*)_small\.jpg$ { |
084 | error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif; |
094 | fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; |
095 | fastcgi_index index.php; |
099 | location ~* ^/index.php/ |
101 | rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break ; |
102 | fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; |
103 | fastcgi_index index.php; |