nginx做rails项目web服务器缓存配置方法

nginx作为Web服务器、或反向代理服务器都可以使用缓存

一、作为Web服务器

nginx可以通过 expires 指令来设置响应头的过期时间，实现浏览器缓存（Browser Caching），即浏览器在用户磁盘上对最近请求过的文档进行存储。

其中，下面两句是必须的。Passenger是一个Rails应用服务的管理工具，可以统一管理Rails进程的数量、生命周期、请求队列。root用来配置passenger所引导rails应用

root /home/autotest/zhangs_trunk2015/public;
passenger_enabled on;

完整配置信息

location / {
            #root   html;
            #index  index.html index.htm;
            root /home/autotest/zhangs_trunk2015/public;
            passenger_enabled on;
        }
        location ~.*\.(jpg|png|jpeg|gif){
            root /home/autotest/zhangs_trunk2015/public;
            passenger_enabled on;
            expires max;
        }
        location ~(bootstrap.min.js|flat-ui.min.js|jquery.min.js|bootstrap.min.css|flat-ui.min.css|flat-ui-icons-regular.woff){
            root /home/autotest/zhangs_trunk2015/public;
            passenger_enabled on;
            expires 1d;
        }

二、作为反向代理服务器

此时的缓存文件是保存到nginx所在的服务器，减少访问web服务器的次数，由nginx直接返回请求的信息，减小web服务器压力

http://appserver指web服务器的域名

user  www www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /var/log/nginx/nginx_error.log  crit;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
 include      mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
 tcp_nopush    on;
  keepalive_timeout 0;
  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  ##cache##
  proxy_connect_timeout 5;
  proxy_read_timeout 60;
  proxy_send_timeout 5;
  proxy_buffer_size 16k;
  proxy_buffers 4 64k;
  proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  proxy_temp_path /home/temp_dir;
  proxy_cache_path /home/cache levels=1:2keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
  ##end##

 gzip   on;
 gzip_min_length   1k;
  gzip_buffers  4 8k;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_types  text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";

  log_format access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]"$request" '
            '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
            '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
  upstream appserver { 
       server 192.168.1.251;
  }
  server {
       listen      80 default;
       server_name blog.slogra.com;
        location~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|htm|html|css|js|flv|ico|swf)(.*) {
             proxy_pass http://appserver ;
             proxy_redirect off;
             proxy_set_header Host $host;
             proxy_cache cache_one;
             proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
             proxy_cache_valid 301 1d;
             proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
             expires 30d;
       }
       location ~ .*\.(php)(.*){
            proxy_pass http://appserver ;
            proxy_set_header       Host $host;
            proxy_set_header       X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header       X-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
       }
       access_log /var/log/nginx/blog.slogra.com.log;
  }
}